Ethnic, Cultural, and Religious Inequalities in Adolescent Cyberbullying: A Critical Approach

José Manuel Ortriz-Marcos; Ana Isabel Invernon Gómez; Marta Medina-García; Lina Higueras Rodríguez

doi:10.6018/rie.677311

Autores/as

José Manuel Ortriz-Marcos Universidad de Granada https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-2553
Ana Isabel Invernon Gómez Universidad de Zaragoza https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5339-0282
Marta Medina-García Universidad de Granada https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0520-3635
Lina Higueras Rodríguez Universidad de Granada https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4458-7339

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/rie.677311

Palabras clave: acoso digital, diversidad étnica, adolescencia, diversidad cultural

Agencias de apoyo

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades

Resumen

El estudio “cibervíctima a ciberagresor” analiza la relación que se da entre la victimización digital y la agresión en adolescentes, con especial atención a las variables étnicas, religiosas y culturales. La muestra del estudio consta de 1.478 estudiantes de secundaria del sur de España, utilizando un cuestionario validado para medir experiencias de ciberacoso desde un enfoque intercultural. Los resultados revelan que pertenecer a una minoría étnica o religiosa aumenta significativamente el riesgo de ser víctima o agresor en entornos digitales. Las etnias gitana, armenia y mongola, así como religiones como el judaísmo, islam y budismo se asocian con mayor exposición a la ciberviolencia. El estudio también confirma que haber sido víctima de ciberacoso incrementa la probabilidad de adoptar comportamientos agresivos, reforzando la hipótesis del ciclo de violencia digital. Este fenómeno se ve agravado por factores como la invisibilidad institucional, la ley del silencio entre adolescentes y el “efecto Coliseum”, que multiplica el daño emocional al viralizar contenidos agresivos. El análisis estadístico, mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales y chi-cuadrado, mostró asociaciones significativas entre cultura, etnia y religión con los roles de víctima y agresor. El modelo presentó un poder predictivo moderado (R² = 0.248), confirmando que la cibervictimización es un factor clave en la aparición de conductas de ciberacoso. En conclusión, el estudio analiza la necesidad imperante de aplicar políticas educativas interculturales, herramientas tecnológicas de prevención, y un enfoque interseccional para combatir la violencia digital entre adolescentes desde una perspectiva inclusiva.

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