“How might we explain what is happening here?” Help offered by Practicum Tutors in Preservice Teacher Education
Resumen
La reflexión es un componente vital en las prácticas docentes profesionales. La idea de la que parte la reflexión misma es la importancia de la agencia de los futuros docentes en su propio desarrollo profesional. Nuestro estudio tiene sus raíces en investigaciones recientes sobre la necesidad de apoyar procesos de reflexión entre los estudiantes de magisterio. Desde una perspectiva histórico-cultural, nuestro objetivo es analizar las interacciones discursivas que tienen lugar durante los seminarios colaborativos en una experiencia de innovación dentro de un Prácticum reflexivo, y describir cómo los tutores universitarios apoyan y fomentan la reflexión sobre la práctica. Utilizamos un diseño de casos múltiples en el que cada caso es una unidad de aula formada por una tutora y sus alumnos. Identificamos 24 tipos de apoyos educativos discursivos o Ayudas a la Reflexión Conjunta. Los resultados indican un perfil caracterizado por la presencia de ayudas relacionadas con tres dimensiones: relaciones dialógicas, interpretativas y teoría-práctica. Se realizan aportes para la formación de futuros maestros y tutores de prácticas.
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