Revisión sistemática de intervenciones en prosocialidad y empatía en personas con TEA
Resumen
El DSM-5 enmarca el trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) dentro de los trastornos del desarrollo neurológico, cuyo rasgo más característico son las alteraciones de la conducta social, que incluyen afectaciones en prosocialidad y empatía. El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar la efectividad de las diferentes intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la prosocialidad y la empatía en personas con TEA e identificar factores determinantes. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática según las directrices PRISMA de los artículos encontrados en las bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect y Dialnet. Los resultados indican un incremento en las puntuaciones en prosocialidad y empática para las personas con TEA mediante diferentes técnicas de intervención, aunque parece ser que los factores determinantes son el grado de lenguaje receptivo y expresivo, las habilidades de comunicación no verbal, el razonamiento fluido, el CI y la frecuencia en la implementación.
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