Typologies for Technological Innovation in Teachers of Higher Education based on an analysis of conglomerates: an exploratory study

Abstract

The article analyses the visions that teachers have regarding ICT, and the formative process through which they move to the incorporation of ICT in their professional practice. Specifically, it seeks to "investigate whether there are different typologies of teachers regarding the use of ICTs", and for this purpose a research is carried out with 398 teachers from all the careers and headquarters of the Institution of Higher Education of Chile (INACAP). For the research, an instrument for collecting information, based on the ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Technology and the "perceived utility" and "ease of use" dimensions of the Technological Acceptance Model (TAM), was constructed. The reliability index was obtained by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and reached a value of 0.927. The statistical analysis used was the multivariate clusters. The result of the study allows different contributions, at conceptual, pragmatic and institutional level, as it allows to shape, the decision making both for the acquisition of technologies and for establishing training plans. As regards teacher typology in relation to ICT, four groups were found, two with strong (most early - 63%) and medium presence (early adaptation - 30%), and two with a weak presence lagging - 4% and innovative - 3%). The results also support the findings found by different studies.