Eficácia da Hipnose na Psicologia do Desporto: uma revisão sistemática.
Hipnosis en Psicología del Deporte
Resumo
A hipnose é um conjunto variado de procedimentos que tem provas científicas abundantes sobre a sua utilidade como técnica adjuvante no tratamento de várias doenças, especialmente em adultos. No entanto, no campo da Psicologia do Desporto as provas disponíveis parecem ser escassas, e nem sempre baseadas em estudos rigorosos de um ponto de vista metodológico. Por esta razão, este estudo apresenta uma revisão sistemática de acordo com a Declaração Prisma sobre a eficácia da hipnose no desporto e na prática de exercício/esporte. Os objectivos são descrever os resultados deste conjunto de técnicas sobre o desempenho em atletas e praticantes de actividade física, e mostrar o poder estatístico do conjunto de estudos e o seu rigor metodológico. Foram incluídos um total de 45 estudos. A maioria deles revelou os efeitos positivos do uso da hipnose em comparação com outras técnicas. No que diz respeito aos critérios metodológicos, a maioria dos estudos cumpriu os critérios estabelecidos, com excepção da avaliação da sugestibilidade hipnótica e da medição da dimensão do efeito. Estes resultados sublinham a importância de continuar a contribuir para o desenvolvimento da hipnose na Psicologia do Desporto, dado que os possíveis efeitos positivos e vantagens da hipnose ainda apresentam poucas provas científicas.
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