Relaciones entre el Liderazgo Transformacional del profesor y las experiencias óptimas de adolescentes en Educación Física: una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.623711
Palabras clave: liderazgo transformacional, adolescentes, clases educación física, salud

Resumen

La actividad física es esencial para el desarrollo físico, mental y social de los jóvenes, por ello es crucial durante la adolescencia. Estudios previos han demostrado múltiples beneficios de la actividad física, incluyendo mejoras en la salud cardiovascular, fomentando el trabajo en equipo, las habilidades sociales y el liderazgo, además de una reducción de estados ansiosos y estresantes. En el contexto escolar de la educación física, el estilo de liderazgo del profesorado, especialmente el liderazgo transformacional es determinante para la experiencia positiva del estudiante en relación con la actividad física. Este tipo de liderazgo, que se basa en la influencia idealizada, la motivación inspiradora, la estimulación intelectual y la consideración individualizada, puede motivar a los estudiantes y fomentar experiencias óptimas en educación física. La revisión sistemática se registró en PROSPERO y se desarrolló siguiendo la declaración PRISMA. Se verificó la calidad de los estudios con la escala PEDro, las listas de verificación STROBE para la evaluación crítica. Los criterios de inclusión fueron estudios con adolescentes saludables de 11 a 18 años y escritos en inglés o español. Las bases de datos empleadas fueron Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Dialnet y Redalyc. Inicialmente, se identificaron 1824 estudios, de los cuales, tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se incluyeron 6 artículos en la síntesis final. Los resultados ponen de relieve que los estudiantes de profesores transformacionales presentan una mayor participación y disfrute de las actividades físicas, tanto dentro como fuera de la escuela. Las dimensiones del liderazgo transformacional, como la motivación inspiradora y la consideración individualizada, parecen ser particularmente influyentes en la motivación y participación de los estudiantes en las clases de educación física. Los resultados obtenidos resaltan el valor de promover estilos de interacción transformacional en el contexto educativo para optimizar las experiencias y los resultados de los estudiantes en educación física.

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Publicado
21-09-2024
Cómo citar
Sánchez-García, C., Morales-Sánchez, V., Reigal, R. E., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2024). Relaciones entre el Liderazgo Transformacional del profesor y las experiencias óptimas de adolescentes en Educación Física: una revisión sistemática. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 24(3), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.623711
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Sección
Psicología del Deporte

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