Un cuestionario breve para evaluar las orientaciones a meta: desarrollo y validez
Agencias de apoyo
- Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo
- Ministerio de Educación Pública of Costa Rica
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Project EDU2017-89036-P)
Resumen
Este estudio se centra en el desarrollo y validación de un cuestionario breve para evaluar las orientaciones a meta y su impacto en las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre el clima motivacional de clase (CMC). Se exploran posibles diferencias culturales y de género. La muestra incluyó a 5,471 estudiantes de secundaria (3,433 de España, 54% mujeres; 1,946 de Costa Rica, 48.8% mujeres). Los participantes completaron el Cuestionario Breve de Orientación a Metas (BGOQ) y el Cuestionario de Clima Motivacional de Clase (CMC-Q) (Autor et al., 2008). Se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios y análisis multigrupo en las muestras de ambos países. Los resultados confirmaron la validez estructural del cuestionario. Las orientaciones hacia el aprendizaje correlacionaron positivamente con un CMC orientado al aprendizaje. Aunque no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los patrones de regresión entre países o géneros, surgieron variaciones en las correlaciones entre las orientaciones hacia el aprendizaje y el rendimiento entre las muestras de España y Costa Rica. Los hallazgos indican que el BGOQ es una herramienta eficaz para examinar las orientaciones a metas. Las orientaciones a metas influyen en las percepciones del CMC. El estudio destaca la necesidad de considerar las diferencias culturales y de género al investigar las orientaciones a metas.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Jesús Alonso-Tapia, Carmen Nieto
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