Comparison between mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral psychological interventions on the reduction of pre-competitive stress of elite shooters: a follow-up of 2 months

Authors

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.399081
Keywords: cognitive-behavioral strategies training, mindfulness based intervention, salivary cortisol, pre-competitive stress.

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of cognitive–behavioral strategies training and mindfulness based-interventions on shooters competitive stress (i.e., level of salivary cortisol) with two-months follow-up. Methods: Twenty four young male professional shooters who had a history of shooting for at least 3 years were randomly assigned into three groups: cognitive-behavioral intervention (n=8), mindfulness based intervention (n=8) and control group (n=8). Participants in the experimental groups participated in six training sessions during six weeks (75-90 minutes each session). Salivary cortisol concentration was measured at rest, pre- and post-test and follow-up times. Results: ANOVA with repeated measures showed a main effect for group (F2,21 = 3.787, sig = 0.039) and stage (F3,21 = 52.529, sig = 0.001) and also the interactive effect between the groups in the stage (F6,42 = 3.700, sig = 0.005). ANOVA with repeated measures showed that cognitive-behavioral intervention on salivary cortisol level had effect in the post-test, while mindfulness intervention had positive effects on the post-test and follow-up times. ANOVA also revealed that there was no significant difference between the mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral groups in the post-test time. In addition, the results of the follow-up time showed that there was significant difference only between mindfulness and control group. Practical Applications: Results indicate that the practice of psychological skills, especially mindfulness can be used to reduce the pre-competition stress.

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Author Biography

Sergio Machado, Universidade Salgado de Oliveira

Sergio Machado es licenciado en Educación Física por la Universidad Estácio de Sá (2005). Máster, Doctorado y Postdoctorado en Salud Mental por el Instituto de Psiquiatría (IPUB) de la Universidad Federal de Río de Janeiro (UFRJ) en 2008, 2012 y 2013-2014. Post-doctorado en Neurofilosofía por la Universidad Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) en 2012-2013 y en Neurociencia de la Actividad Física por el Instituto Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Traslacional en Medicina (INCT-TM) en 2014. Doctorado en curso en Ciencias del Deporte por Universidad de Beira Interior (UBI - Portugal). Licenciando en Psicología en la Universidad Estácio de Sá, interrumpido en 2018.1. Tiene experiencia en las áreas de salud mental, psicofisiología, neuropsicología, fisiología del ejercicio clínico y neurociencia de la actividad física. Es investigador en el Laboratorio de Pánico y Respiración (UFRJ) y Profesor Permanente del Programa de Posgrado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física de la Universidad Salgado de Oliveira, coordinando el Laboratorio de Neurociencia de la Actividad Física. Sus intereses de investigación son los aspectos biológicos de la actividad física y el ejercicio físico en las dimensiones de prevención, rehabilitación y prescripción de ejercicios, en la perspectiva de la promoción de la salud y el rendimiento humano. Más específicamente, investiga los efectos agudos y crónicos del entrenamiento de fuerza, aeróbico, flexibilidad y neuromotor en la actividad cerebral, aspectos conductuales, psicofisiológicos, neuropsicológicos y de calidad de vida en sujetos sanos (niños/adolescentes, adultos y ancianos) y en pacientes con enfermedades neurológicas y trastornos psiquiátricos. Es investigador invitado de instituciones internacionales, como Universidad de Cagliari (Italia), Universidad Regensburg (Alemania) y Universidad Anahuac Mayab (México). Es editor asociado de revistas internacionales (Frontiers in Psychology, Frontiers in Psychiatry, Cuadernos de Psicologia del Deporte, The Open Sports Science Journal, CNS Neurological Disorders Drug Targets y Clinical Practice and Epidemioloy in Mental Health) y revisor de varias revistas nacionales e internacionales. Actualmente es un joven científico de la Fundación para el Apoyo a la Investigación del Estado de Río de Janeiro (FAPERJ) – Brasil.

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Published
01-01-2021 — Updated on 22-02-2021
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How to Cite
Samadi, H., Ayatizadeh, F., Axt, G., & Machado, S. (2021). Comparison between mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral psychological interventions on the reduction of pre-competitive stress of elite shooters: a follow-up of 2 months. Sport Psychology Notebooks, 21(1), 192–203. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.399081 (Original work published January 1, 2021)
Issue
Vol. 21 No. 1 (2021): CPD1(2021)
Section
Psicología del Deporte

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