Estratégia no desempenho desportivo: Como os programas de treino podem moldar processos intencionais dinâmicos e adaptativos nos atletas
Agências Suporte
- Este artigo é financiado por Fundos Nacionais disponibilizados pela FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia através do projeto UIDB/04020/2020 e com o DOI 10.54499/UIDB/04020/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04020/2020) e por Fundos Nacionais disponibilizados pela FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia ao abrigo da Bolsa UIDB/00447/2020 para o Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudos do Desempenho Humano (CIPER - unidade 447; DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00447/2020).
Resumo
Os desenvolvimentos recentes nas ciências do desporto indicam que os modelos tradicionais de planeamento do treino são inconsistentes com a complexidade dos processos adaptativos que emergem do treino e da competição. Defende-se neste artigo que a estratégia subjacente aos processos de treino e ao desenvolvimento do desempenho desportivo pode emergir de interações contínuas dos indivíduos numa causalidade transformativa não linear, exibindo intencionalidade transacional. Com base na compreensão e aplicação das teorias da complexidade e sob a perspetiva da dinâmica ecológica do comportamento humano, pretende-se contribuir para o processo estratégico que consubstancia o desenvolvimento da performance desportiva. Pretende-se evidenciar que tal processo estratégico se baseia numa "intencionalidade educada" que canaliza as ações dos treinadores (por exemplo, resolução de problemas, tomada de decisões, planeamento e organização). Este ponto de vista requer um processo de conceção co-adaptativa e de autonomia de decisão no processo de desenvolvimento da performance desportiva dos atletas.
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