Effects of an imagery programme on the performance of federated and non-federated Boccia athletes
Resumen
The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the effects of an imagery (IM) training programme in federated and non-federated Boccia athletes. Twenty-one Boccia athletes participated in this study. At the beginning of the study, and after a period of an 8-week IM training, the athletes’ IM ability (MIQ – 3) and their performance in Boccia tasks (distance to target and distance to coloured ball) were assessed. Data analysis was carried out using non-clinical magnitude-based inferences. The results suggests that, from pre to post test, federated and non-federated athletes had a higher IM score and exhibited an improved performance. The performance levels were influenced by the participants’ level of expertise, with the non-federated athletes revealing higher magnitude of improvement than federated athlete’s. A non-significant correlation was observed between IM and performance. Although the inconsistency of the relationship between IM and performance, the results suggests that IM training enhances the development of IM ability and also motor actions in Boccia athletes.
Descargas
Citas
Amorim, A., Travassos, B, & Duarte-Mendes, P. (2017) Imagery ability in Boccia: Comparison among federate athletes from different medical sport groups. Motricidade, 13(4), 46-53.
Amorim, A., Duarte-Mendes, P., & Travassos, B. (2018). Efficacy of an Imagery program training in competitive and non-competitive Boccia participants. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 18(2), 205-213. ISSN: 1578-8423
Anacleto, I., Dias, C., Ribeiro, J., Corte-Real, N., & Fonseca, A. (2012) Imagery in adapted sport: A study with some of the best Portuguese boccia athletes. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto, 12 (3), 58-76. ISSN: 1645-0523
Bodas, A., Lázaro, J., & Fernandes, H. (2007) Perfil psicológico de prestação dos atletas paralímpicos Atenas 2004. Motricidade, 3(3), 33-43. ISSN: 1646-107X
BISfed. (2013). Boccia Classification Rules (2ª ed.).
Collins, D., & Carson, H. J. (2017). The future for PETTLEP: a modern perspective on an effective and established tool. Current Opinion in Psychology, 16, 12–16.
Cooley, S., Williams, S., Burns, V., & Cumming, J. (2013). Methodological Variations in Guided Imagery Interventions Using Movement Imagery Scripts in Sport: A Systematic Review. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity 8, 1–22. doi 10.1515/jirspa-2012-0005
Cox, R. H. (2011). Sport Psychology: Concepts and Applications. New York: McGraw-Hill
Cumming, J. & Williams, S. (2012). The role of imagery in performance. In S. Murphy (Ed), Handbook of Sport and Performance Psychology (p. 213-232). New York, NY: Oxford UniversityPress.
Cumming, J., & Eaves, D. L. (2018). The Nature, Measurement, and Development of Imagery Ability. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 0276236617752439.
Cumming, J., & Williams, S. (2013). Introducing the revised applied model of deliberate imagery use for sport, dance, exercise, and rehabilitation. Movement & Sport Sciences – Science & Motricité, 82, 69-81. doi: 10.1051/sm/2013098
Duarte-Mendes, P., Marinho, D., Monteiro, D., Cid, L., Paulo, R., Serrano, J., & Petrica, J. (2019). The comparison of Imagery ability in elite, sub-elite and non-elite swimmers. Cuadernos de Psicologia del Deporte, 19(2), 116-126. ISSN: 1578-8423
Eddy, K., & Mellalieu, S. (2003). Mental imagery in athletes with visual impairments. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 20, 347-368. doi: 10.1123/apaq.20.4.347
Fletcher, S. (2005). Technical Aids to Imagery. In T. Morris, M. Spittle, & A. Watt (Eds.), Imagery in Sport (pp.237-266). Champaign: Human Kinetics
Gabbard, C. P., & Lee, J. (2014). A comparison of movement imagery ability self-report and imagery use in a motor task: A preliminary investigation. Journal of Imagery Research in Sport and Physical Activity, 9(1), 61-66.
Hall, C. (2001). Imagery in sport and exercise. In R. N. Singer, H. Hausenblas, & C. Janelle (2ª Ed.), Handbook of sport psychology (pp. 529–549). New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
Hanrahan, S. (2015). Psychological Skills Training for Athletes With Disabilities. Australian Psychologist, 50, 102-105. doi:10.1111/ap.12083
Hernández-Mendo, A. (2002). Imágenes mentales en el deporte. In J. Dosil (Ed.), Psicología y rendimiento deportivo. (pp. 83-102). Ourense: Gersam.
Holmes, P. & Calmels, C. (2008). A neuroscientific review of imagery and observation use in sport. Journal of Motor Behavior, 40, 433–445. doi: 10.3200/JMBR.40.5.433-445
Holmes, P. S., & Collins, D. J. (2001). The PETTLEP approach to motor imagery: A functional equivalence model for sport psychologists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 13, 60–83.
Hopkins, W., Marshall, S., Batterham, A., & Hanin, J. (2009). Progressive statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(1), 3-12. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818cb278.
Jacobson, E. (1938). Progressive relaxation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lacourse, M. G., Orr, E. L., Cramer, S. C., & Cohen, M. J. (2005). Brain activation during execution and motor imagery of novel and skilled sequential hand movements. Neuroimage, 27(3), 505-519.
Martin, J. (2013). Athletes with physical disabilities. In S. J. Hanrahan & M. B. Andersen (Eds.), Routledge handbook of applied sport psychology: A comprehensive guide for students and practitioners (pp. 432–440). London, Uk: Routledge.
Martin, J. (2016). The psychology of Paralympians and mental preparation. In Y. C. Vanlandewijck & W. R. Thompson (Ed.), Training and Coaching the Paralympic Athlete (pp. 96-107). United Kingdom, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
Martini, R., Carter, M., Yoxon, E. Cumming, J., & Ste-Marie, D. (2016) Development and validation of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire for Children (MIQ-C). Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 22, 190-201. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.08.008
Mendes, P., Marinho, D., & Petrica, J. (2015). Comparison between genders in imagery ability in Portuguese basketball practitioners. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 15 (3), 391-395. doi: 10.7752/jpes.2015.03058
Mendes, P., Marinho, D., Petrica, J., Silveira, P., Monteiro, D., & Cid, L. (2016). Translation and Validation of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire – 3 (MIQ - 3) with Portuguese Athletes. Motricidade, 12(1), 149-158. doi: 10.6063/motricidade.7006
Monteiro, D., Cid, L., Teixeira, D., Fonseca, T., Duarte-Mendes, P., Silva, L., & Rodrigues, F. (2020). Understanding Needs Satisfaction and Frustration in Young Athletes: Factor Structure and Invariance Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4046. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020570
Morris, T., Spittle, M., & Watt, A. (2005). Imagery in sport. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
Munroe-Chandler, K., & Guerrero, M. (2017). Psychological Imagery in Sport and Performance. Sport Psychology. Online Publication. DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.228
Napolitano, S. (2017). Performance improvement through motor imagery study of the case in artistic gymnastics. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 12 (2proc), S508-S513. doi:10.14198/jhse.2017.12.Proc2.04
Rodrigues, F., Neiva, H.P., Marinho, D.A., Duarte-Mendes, P., Teixeira, D.S., Cid, L., Monteiro, D. (2018). Assessing Need Satisfaction and Frustration in Portuguese Exercise Instructors: scale validity, reliability and invariance between gender. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 19(1), 233-240. ISSN: 1578-8423
Schack, T., Essig, K., Frank, C., & Koester, D. (2014) Mental representation and motor imagery training. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 8, 1-10. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00328
Smith, D., Wright, C. J., Allsopp, A., & Westhead, H. (2007). It’s all in the mind: PETTLEP-based imagery and sports performance. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 19, 80–92.
Smith, D., Wright, C. J., & Cantwell, C. (2008). Beating the bunker: The effect of PETTLEP imagery on golf bunker shot performance. Research quarterly for exercise and sport, 79(3), 385-391.
Schuster, C., Hilfiker, R., Amft, O., Scheidhauer, A., Andrews, B. Butler, J., Kischka, U., & Ettlin, T. (2011). Best practice for motor imagery: a systematic literature review on motor imagery training elements in five different disciplines. BMC Medicine, 9, 1-35.
Vanlandewijck, Y. & Thompson, W. (2016). Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science: Training and Coaching the Paralympic Athlete. United Kingdom, UK: Wiley Blackwell
Vealey, R., & Greenleaf, C. (2001). Seeing is believing: Understanding and using imagery in sport. In J. M. Williams, (Ed.), Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (pp. 247-283). Mountain View, CA.: Mayfield Publishing Co.
Vealey, R. (2007). Mental Skills Training in Sport. In G. Tenenbaum, R. Eklund, R. Singers (Eds.), Handbook of Sport Psychology. New Jersey: Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Wakefield, C., & Smith, D. (2012). Perfecting practice: Applying the PETTLEP model of motor imagery. J Sport Psychol Action, 3(1), 1-11.
Wakefield, C., Smith, D., Moran, A.P., & Holmes, P. (2013). Functional equivalence or behavioural matching? A critical reflection on 15 years of research using the PETTLEP model of motor imagery. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 6 (1), 105–121. doi: 10.1080/1750984X.2012.724437
White, A., & Hardy, L. (1995). Use of different imagery perspectives on the learning and performance of different motor skills. British Journal of Psychology, 86, 169-180. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1995.tb02554.x
Williams, S., Cumming, J., Ntoumanis, N., Nordin-Bates, S., Ramsey, R. & Hall, C. (2012). Further validation and development of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 34, 621–646. doi: 10.1123/jsep.34.5.621
Williams, S. E., Cumming, J., & Edwards, M. G. (2011). The functional equivalence between movement imagery, observation, and execution influences imagery ability. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82(3), 555-564.
World Medical Association (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. JAMA, 310(20), 2191-2194. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.281053.
Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:
1. El Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (la editorial) conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y favorece y permite la reutilización de las mismas bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica. Color RoMEO: verde.