Barreras que conducen a la desvinculación en la trayectoria deportiva: un análisis fenomenológico interpretativo con futbolistas de élite retiradas

Autores/as

  • Sara Mesquita Garganta da Silva faculdade de desporto Universidade do Porto https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4912-5499
  • Sasa Vann Ball State University, USA
  • Cláudia Dias Centro de Investigação Formação Inovação e Intervenção em Desporto, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
  • António Manuel Fonseca Centro de Investigação Formação Inovação e Intervenção em Desporto, Faculdade de Desporto, Universidade do Porto, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1272-1679
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.545441
Palabras clave: transición de carrera, fútbol, autorregulación, ex atletas, remodelación, desinversión de carrera

Resumen

En el contexto de la práctica deportiva, tan pronto como se pasa el período ideal para alcanzar ciertas metas y la inversión en una meta ya no es alcanzable, la desinversión en una determinada meta bloqueada y la reinversión en metas alternativas contribuirán a un desarrollo adaptativo, como argumentan las teorías de autorregulación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue explorar las principales barreras experimentadas por cuatro ex jugadoras de fútbol de élite durante su período de adaptación a largo plazo. En este sentido, el presente estudio se desarrolló de acuerdo con los principios del análisis fenomenológico interpretativo. Los resultados sugieren que los ex deportistas tuvieron dificultades para desprenderse de sus objetivos profesionales durante la transición a la retirada del deporte, habiendo enumerado cuatro razones principales para ello: i) el miedo a ser olvidados; ii) el intento de crear un vínculo para una futura implicación como futuras entrenadoras; iii) la creencia de que como practicantes disfrutan de un rol muy gratificante; iv) la presión social para seguir practicando a un nivel deportivo de élite. Estos resultados muestran que con el acercamiento de la edad de retiro, las atletas pueden beneficiarse de intervenciones psicológicas que ayuden a esta transición de carrera y que puedan evitar la existencia de altos niveles de estrés, promoviendo el bienestar durante estos cambios. Por lo tanto, se recomienda que tanto los clubes como las federaciones fomenten y promuevan el desarrollo de programas adecuados de transición de carrera, para lograr un marco justo y una mejor calidad de vida para los practicantes deportivos.

 

Palabras clave: transición de carrera; fútbol; autorregulación; ex atletas; remodelación; desinversión de carrer

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Publicado
02-01-2024 — Actualizado el 03-01-2024
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Cómo citar
Mesquita Garganta da Silva, S., Vann, S., Dias, C., & Fonseca, A. M. (2024). Barreras que conducen a la desvinculación en la trayectoria deportiva: un análisis fenomenológico interpretativo con futbolistas de élite retiradas. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 24(1), 162–180. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.545441 (Original work published 2 de enero de 2024)
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Psicología del Deporte

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