La resiliencia como predictor del rendimiento en adolescentes

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/rie.564521
Palabras clave: autoconcepto, motivación, educación secundaría, análisis de mediación

Resumen

El rendimiento académico es un factor de interés en el ámbito formativo para la mejora del sistema educativo de cualquier país. Determinar qué factores influyen de forma positiva o negativa en el mismo ha dado lugar a diferentes tipos de investigación. Por ello, el presente estudio se centra en analizar la relación entre la resiliencia, el autoconcepto, la motivación y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (E.S.O.). Para este cometido, se utilizó tres instrumentos de recogida de datos: la escala de autoconcepto Forma 5 (AF-5), la escala de resiliencia RS-14 y la escala Atribucional de Motivación al Logro (EAML); en una muestra de 842 estudiantes de la ciudad de Valladolid, con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y los 16 años (M=14.8; DT=1.498). Los datos se analizaron mediante un análisis de la mediación basado en modelos de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM), que sugirieron la no existencia de una relación directa entre el autoconcepto y la motivación con el rendimiento académico. Asimismo, la resiliencia se posicionó como el factor mediador en la relación entre el autoconcepto y la motivación en relación con el rendimiento académico. Los resultados mostraron que el alumnado que arrojó un alto nivel de resiliencia tendía a afrontar mejor los momentos difíciles y a comprender y valorar el esfuerzo que requiere y que se invierte en el tiempo de estudio.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Ayala, J. C. y Manzano, G. (2018). Academic performance of first-year university students: the influence of resilience and engagement. Higher Education Research & Development, 37(7), 1321-1335. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2018.1502258

Deci, E. L. y Ryan, R. M. (2008). Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life’s domains. Canadian Psychology, 49(1), 14-23. https://doi.org/10.1037/0708-5591.49.1.14

Deighton, J., Humphrey, N., Belsky, J., Boehnke, J., Vostanis, P., y Patalay, P. (2018). Longitudinal pathways between mental health difficulties and academic performance during middle childhood and early adolescence. The British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 36(1), 110-126. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12218

Fox, K. R. y Corbin, C. B. (1989). The Physical Self–Perception Profile: Development and pre-liminary validation. Journal of Sports & Exercise Psychology, 11(4), 408–430. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.11.4.408

García, F. y Musitu, G. (2014). AF-5 Autoconcepto Forma 5. Editorial TEA.

Haktanir, A., Watson, J. C., Ermis, H., Karaman, M. A., Freeman, P., Kuraman, A., y Streeter, A. (2021). Resilience, academic self-concept, and college adjustment among first-year students. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory y Practice, 23(1), 161-178. https://doi.org/10.1177/1521025118810666

Hansford, B. C. y Hattie, J. A. (1982). The relationship between self and achievement/performance measures. Review of Educational Research, 52(1), 123-142. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543052001123

Hartley, M. T. (2011). Examining the relationships between resilience, mental health, and academic persistence in undergraduate college students. Journal of American College Health, 59(7), 596-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.515632

Huang, C. (2011). Self-concept and academic achievement: A meta-analysis of longitudinal relations. Journal of School Psychology, 49(5), 505-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2011.07.001

Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). Guilford Press.

Kwek, A., Bui, H. T., Rynne, J., y Fung, K. K. (2013). The impacts of self-esteem and resilience on academic performance: an investigation of domestic and international hospitality and tourism undergraduate students. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Education, 25(3), 110-122. https://doi.org/10.1080/10963758.2013.826946

Lazarides, R. y Raufelder, D. (2021). Control-value theory in the context of teaching: Does teaching quality moderate relations between academic self-concept and achievement emotions? British Journal of Educational Psychology, 91(1), 127-147. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12352

Li, C. H. (2016). Confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data: Comparing robust maximum likelihood and diagonally weighted least squares. Behavior Research Methods, 48, 936-949. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0619-7

Liew, J., Cao, Q., Nughes, J. N., y Deutz, M. (2018). Academic resilience despite early academic adversity: a three-wave longitudinal study on regulation-related resiliency, interpersonal relationships, and achievement in first to third grade. Early Education and Development, 29(5), 762-779. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2018.1429766

Luttenberger, S., Paechter, M., y Ertl, B. (2019). Self-concept and support experienced in school as key variables for the motivation of women enrolled in STEM subjects with a low and moderate proportion of females. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1242. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01242

Mardia, K. V. (1975). Assessment of multinormality and the robustness of Hotelling’s T2 test. Applied Statistics, 24(1), 163-171. https://doi.org/10.2307/2346563

Manassero, M. y Vázquez, A. (2000). Análisis empírico de dos escalas de motivación escolar. Revista Electrónica de Motivación y Emoción, 3(5-6), 1-16.

Muthén, L. K. y Muthén, B. O. (2015). Mplus statistical software (versión 7.31). Muthén y Muthén.

Paechter, M., Phan-Lesti, H., Ertl, B., Macher, M., Malkoc, S. y Papousek, I. (2022). Learning in Adverse Circumstances: Impaired by Learning with Anxiety, Maladaptive Cognitions, and Emotions, but Supported by Self-Concept and Motivation. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 850578. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.850578

Piqueras, J. A., Mateu-Martínez, O., Cejudo, J. y Pérez-González, J. C. (2019). Pathways into psychosocial adjustment in children: modeling the effects of trait emotional intelligence, social-emotional problems, and gender. Frontier in Psychology, 10, 507. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00507

Putwain, D. W., Schmitz, E. A., Wood, P., y Pekrun, R. (2021). The role of achievement emotions in primary school mathematics: control–value antecedents and achievement outcomes. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 91(1), 347-367. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12367

Rentzios, C. y Karagiannopoulou, E. (2021). Rethinking associations between distal factors and learning: attachment, approaches to learning and the mediating role of academic emotions. Psychology 12(6), 899-924. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2021.126055

Rudd, G., Meissel, K., y Meyer, F. (2021). Measuring academic resilience in quantitative research: A systematic review of the literature. Educational Research Review, 34(1), 100402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2021.100402

Sánchez-Teruel, D. y Robles-Bello, M. A. (2015). Escala de Resiliencia 14 ítems (RS-14) propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación psicológica, 2(40), 103-113. http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=459645432011

Sánchez-Teruel, D., Robles-Bello, M. A., y Camacho-Conde, J. A. (2020). Resilience and the variables that encourage it in young sub-Saharan Africans who migrate. Children and Youth Services Review, 119, 105622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105622

Sarwar, M., Inamullah, H., Khan, N., y Anwar, N. (2010). Resilience and academic achievement of male and female secondary level students in Pakistan. Journal of College Teaching and Learning, 7(8), 19-24. https://doi.org/10.19030/tlc.v7i8.140

Sewasew, D. y Schroeders, U. (2019). The developmental interplay of academic self-concept and achievement within and across domains among primary school students. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 58(1), 204-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.03.009

Shavelson, R., Hubner, J., y Stanton, J. (1976). Self-concept: Validation of construct interpretation. Review of Educational Research, 46(3), 407-441. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543046003407

Sternberg, R. J. (2003). A Broad View of Intelligence: The Theory of Successful Intelligence. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 55(3), 139–154. https://doi.org/10.1037/1061-4087.55.3.139

Supervía, U. P., Bordás, S. C., y Robres, Q. A. (2022). The mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between resilience and academic performance in adolescence. Learning and Motivation, 78, 101814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lmot.2022.101814

Van-Soom, C. y Donche, V. (2014). Profiling first-year students in STEM programs based on autonomous motivation and academic self-concept and relationship with academic achievement. PLoS ONE, 9(11), e112489. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112489

Wagnild, G. M. y Young, H. M. (1993). Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1(2), 165-178.

Weiner, B. (1986). An Attributional Theory of Motivation and Emotion. Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4948-1

Wolff, F., Nagy, N., Helm, F., y Möller, J. (2018). Testing the internal/external frame of reference model of academic achievement and academic self-concept with open self-concept reports. Learning and Instruction, 55(1), 58-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2017.09.006

Zaw, A. M. M., Win, N. Z., y Thepthien, B. O. (2022). Adolescents' academic achievement, mental health, and adverse behaviors: Understanding the role of resilience and adverse childhood experiences. School Psychology International, 43(5), 516-536. https://doi.org/10.1177/01430343221107114

Publicado
07-01-2025
Cómo citar
Frutos de Miguel, J. (2025). La resiliencia como predictor del rendimiento en adolescentes. Revista de Investigación Educativa, (43). https://doi.org/10.6018/rie.564521
Número
Sección
Artículos