Alfabetización Computacional: Actividades musicales desenchufadas sobre el Desafío Internacional de Bebras
Resumen
La Alfabetización Computacional es una realidad en las legislaciones educativas actuales. Dentro del enfoque competencial STEAM, se ubica la educación musical y el desarrollo del Pensamiento Computacional (PC) en esta disciplina. En este trabajo se diseñan actividades musicales desenchufadas desde los desafíos de Bebras y se evalúa su eficacia en cuanto al desarrollo del PC en estudiantes. Se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental con medidas pre-post test en un grupo de 220 escolares de Educación Primaria (experimental, N = 170; control, N = 50). El grupo experimental realizó tres bloques de actividades musicales desenchufadas. Como instrumento se utilizó Computational Thinking Test using Bebras Problems (Lockwood y Moone, 2018). Se tuvieron en cuenta variables de género, curso, entorno y capacidad académica. Los resultados muestran aumento significativo del PC en el grupo experimental a nivel general y en las actividades de Bebras de niveles medio y avanzado de dificultad. Los escolares de contexto rural mostraron puntuaciones mayores en el desarrollo del PC en comparación con el urbano. No se observan diferencias significativas en el resto de variables. Por último, se observó mayor nivel de respuestas correctas en actividades “fáciles”, mayor cumplimentación de actividades “medias” y descenso de ambas en actividades “avanzadas”.
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