Un estudio piloto sobre el miedo y el riesgo de caída: el impacto de un programa de ejercicios de componentes múltiples de 8 meses en adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad
Agencias de apoyo
- This research was funded by national funds through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., grant number UID/04748/2020 and grant number UID/04045/2020
Resumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar el impacto del efecto de un programa de ejercicio de componentes múltiples de 8 meses en adultos mayores que viven en la comunidad. Utilizamos una estrategia inclusiva para examinar la viabilidad de un programa de ejercicio de tres veces por semana. Tener más de 60 años, la capacidad de pararse y caminar con o sin equipo de asistencia, ser físicamente inactivo, autorización médica y vivir en la comunidad fueron todos los criterios de elegibilidad. Se utilizaron la prueba Timed-up and Go y la Berg Balance Scale para examinar el riesgo de caídas. Se utilizó la Fall-Efficacy Scale International para examinar el miedo a las caídas. El programa de ejercicio basado en la comunidad involucró a treinta y cinco participantes, la edad promedio fue de 67.54 años (SD = 3.81) y el 71% eran mujeres. Las tasas de asistencia variaron de 76% a 100% en promedio. Hubo una tendencia significativa hacia una mejora clínicamente importante en el timed-up and go test (t = 4.66; p < .001; d = 0.20), escala de equilibrio de Berg (t = -11.20; p < .001; d = 1.47) y escala internacional de eficacia contra caídas (t = 5.81; p < .001; d = 0.88). Este estudio ha proporcionado evidencia preliminar de que un programa de ejercicio de bajo costo basado en la comunidad de 8 meses puede ser efectivo para mejorar la agilidad, el equilibrio y disminuir el miedo a caerse en las personas mayores.
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