Validación psicométrica de la Environmental Reward Observation Scale (EROS) en supervivientes de cáncer de mama
Resumen
La pérdida de gratificaciones, como resultado de la enfermedad y tratamiento oncológico, se relaciona con problemas emocionales en su-pervivientes. Environmental Reward Observation Scale (EROS) es una escala para evaluar reforzamiento ambiental, desarrollada a partir de mode-los conductuales que muestran la relación entre reforzamiento ambiental y estado emocional. Este estudio valida esta escala con supervivientes de cáncer de mama y analiza su utilidad para discriminar entre supervivientes con y sin trastornos emocionales. Un total de 219 mujeres supervivientes (Medad = 52.97; DTedad = 7.50) completaron medidas de reforzamiento am-biental, activación y evitación conductual, y estado emocional. Los datos se ajustan a una estructura esencialmente unidimensional, mostrando una consistencia interna elevada y de moderadas a altas con todas las medidas empleadas. Fueron estadísticamente significativas las diferencias en las puntuaciones entre participantes con y sin trastorno emocional. Mediante curvas ROC se estableció el punto de corte óptimo para discriminar ansie-dad y depresión. Aplicando la Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem, se encontró que todos los ítems muestran un poder de discriminación de moderado a alto para evaluar reforzamiento ambiental. La EROS se presenta como una medida fiable y válida que puede emplearse para mejorar la evaluación del estado emocional de supervivientes oncológicos.
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