A Cross-Lagged Panel Analysis of Reading, Writing, and Math in First-Grade Elementary Students
Supporting Agencies
- Ministry of Education of Panama (MEDUCA)
Abstract
This longitudinal cross-lagged panel study, employing a data-driven approach, investigated the intricate relationships among reading, writing, and math during the learning process of first-grade elementary students. A sample of 392 first-grade students was selected, and assessments were conducted at three different time points: the beginning, middle, and end of the school year. The results revealed strong stability in the measures of reading, writing, and math across the three assessment points. Concurrent and temporal effects were analyzed, revealing bidirectional influences and underscoring the impactful role of reading. Model stability was assessed through resampling, which demonstrated consistency in a high percentage of configural vs. restricted comparisons, along with an RMSEA of less than 0.7. The educational implications of these findings are explored, emphasizing their relevance for enhancing learning processes in reading, writing, and math, particularly as concerns the interactions among these three domains.
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