Fatores de segurança em eventos esportivos: uma revisão sistemática
Agências Suporte
- No es un estudio financiado por ninguna entidad pública o privada
Resumo
O esporte como espetáculo esportivo ganhou grande destaque a nível internacional, não só acolhe atletas, mas também famílias que desfrutam das arquibancadas e pessoas que tornam possíveis os eventos esportivos, como: pessoal de limpeza, equipe, árbitros, etc. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática é analisar e descrever, através da literatura científica, os fatores de segurança presentes em um evento esportivo. Por este motivo, foi realizada uma revisão documental, utilizando os critérios estabelecidos pelo método PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis; Moher et al., 2009) nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus e EBSCOhost, incluindo artigos em inglês, português e espanhol entre os anos de 2013 a 2023, registrada no PROSPERO 2024 com o número CRD42024526507. Um total de 45 artigos foi encontrado, dos quais 9 foram incluídos no presente estudo: 4 estudos se relacionam com fatores que afetam a segurança em recintos esportivos, 2 estudos relacionados às competências que a pessoa responsável pelo evento deve ter e 3 relacionados com a segurança em eventos realizados em áreas não controladas, como podem ser as ruas de uma cidade. As descobertas revelam os elementos que impactam o planejamento de eventos esportivos em todos os níveis, além de apontar as habilidades necessárias para aqueles responsáveis por essa área, por exemplo: os sentimentos de preconceito em relação aos rivais, a cultura pessoal, o ruído, vigilância com drones, roubo de dados pessoais, ataques terroristas, entre outros.
Downloads
Referências
Abuzant, M., Daher, W. and Mahamid, F. (2023) Evaluaciones de control y valor y emociones de logro: un análisis de moderación. Psych, 5(4),1207-1223. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych5040080
Al-Dosari, K., Hunaiti, Z. and Balachandran, W. (2023). Mega Sporting Event Scenario Analysis and Drone Camera Surveillance Impacts on Command-and-Control Centre Situational Awareness for Dynamic Decision-Making. Safety, 9(3), 54. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9030054
Ammon, R. and Brown, M. (2007). Risk management process. In: D. J. Cotton, J. T. Wolohan (Eds.), Law for recreation and sport managers (pp. 288–300). Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.
Ammon, R., Mahoney, K., Fried, G. B., Al Arkoubi, K. and Finn, D. M. (2015). Roar of the Crowd: Noise-Related Safety Concerns in Sport. Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport, 25(1), 10-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jlas.2013-0020
Baker, T. A., Connaughton, D., Zhang, J. J. and Spencer, J. O. (2007). Perceived risk of terrorism and related risk management practices of NCAA Division IA football stadium managers. Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport, 13(2), 145-179. https://doi.org/10.1123/jlas.17.1.27
Baroghi, F., Ribeiro, P. J. G. and Fonseca, F. (2024). Hacia un marco holístico para el proceso de planificación urbana sostenible liderado por los Juegos Olímpicos. Sustainability, 16(3), 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16030951
Batista Espinosa, F., Ruiz Barquín, R. and De la Vega Marcos, R. (2022). El estado de la cuestión del optimismo en el deporte. Revista de Psicología Aplicada al Deporte y al Ejercicio Físico, 17(1), Artículo e4. https://doi.org/10.5093/rpadef2022a5
Cai, J. (2022). Can sports events improve residents’ psychic income? Frontiers Psychology, 13, 938905. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.938905
Cobbs, J., Sparks, B. D. and Tyler, B. D. (2017). The genesis of team rivalry in the New World: sparks to fan animosity in Major League Soccer. Soccer and Society, 19(5–6), 798–810. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2017.1399609
de Sousa, C., Vinagre, H., Viseu, J., Ferreira, J., José, H., Rabiais, I., Almeida, A., Valido, S., Santos, M. J. and Severino, S. (2024). Emociones y afrontamiento: “¿Lo que siento al respecto me da más estrategias para afrontarlo?”. Psych, 6(1), 163-176. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych6010010
Deli, E. K. (2023). ¿Qué es el giro psicológico? Un marco termodinámico para las emociones y el comportamiento social. Psych, 5(4), 1224-1240. https://doi.org/10.3390/psych5040081
Duclos-Bastías, D., Giakoni-Ramírez, F., Parra-Camacho, D., Rendic-Vera, W., Rementería-Vera, N. and Gajardo-Araya, G. (2021). Managers for More Sustainability Sports Organizations: Validation of Sports Managers Competency Scale (COSM) in Chile. Sustainability, 13(2), 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020724
Emery, P., (2010). Past, present, future major sport event management practice: The practitioner perspective, Sport Management Review, 13(2), 158-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2009.06.003
Espinal-Ruiz, D., Medina-Vásquez, J. and Da Cunha-Bastos, F. (2019). Theories, tensions and convergence of sports development. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 14(42), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v14i42.1333
Fried, G. and Kastel, M. (2020). Managing sport facilities. Human Kinetics.
Fuller, C. W. (2007). Managing the risk of injury in sport. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 17(3), 182-187. https://doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0b013e31805930b0
García-Naveira, A. and León Zarceño, E. (2022). Factores psicológicos y crisis de resultados en un equipo profesional de esports. Revista de Psicología Aplicada al Deporte y al Ejercicio Físico, 17(1), Artículo e6. https://doi.org/10.5093/rpadef2022a3
Guzmán Cortés, J. A., Bernal, J., Villalva Sánchez, A. F. and Guerrero, V. (2023). Diferencias en el funcionamiento ejecutivo en boxeadores universitarios amateurscon distintos niveles de experiencia y categoría de peso. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 23(1), 206–218. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.483071
Hall, S., Fos, P., Marciani, L. and Zhang, L. (2011). Value modeling in sport security planning: Setting priorities in security efforts at large spectator events. International Journal of Sport Management, 21(2), 174-192.
Hanstad, D. V., (2012). Risk Management in Major Sporting Events: A Participating National Olympic Team’s Perspective. Event Management, 16(3), 189-201. http://doi.org/10.3727/152599512X13459279626683
Havard, C. T., Shapiro, S. L. and Ridinger, L. L. (2016). Who’s our rival? Investigating the influence of a new intercollegiate football program on rivalry perceptions. Journal of Sport Behavior, 39, 385-408.
Jang, W. W., Kim, K. A. and Byon, K. K. (2020). Social Atmospherics, Affective Response, and Behavioral Intention Associated With Esports Events. Frontiers Psychology 11, 1671. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01671
Johnston, A. N. B., Wadham, J., Polong-Brown, J., Aitken, M., Ranse, J., Hutton, A., Richards, B. and Crilly, J. (2019). Health Care Provision During a Sporting Mass Gathering: A Structure and Process Description of On-Site Care Delivery. Prehospital and disaster medicine, 34(1), 62–71. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X18001206
Khabiri, M., Sajadi, S. N., Doosti, M. and Mohamadian, A. (2010). The Viewpoints of Managers of Football Stadiums on Risk Managementin Iran Football Stadiums. Journal of Sport Management, 2(6), 67-149.
Lamont, M. and Kennelly, M. (2012). A qualitative exploration of participant motives among committed amateur triathletes'. Leisure Sciences, 34(3), 236- 255. http://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2012.669685
Leopkey, B. and Parent, M. M. (2009). Risk management issues in large-scale sporting events: A stakeholder perspective. European Sport Management Quarterly, 9(2), 187–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184740802571443
López, J. B. C. (Ed.) (2021). Lectura crítica de la evidencia clínica. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Łuczak, J. (2021)," Risk Management for Running Events’ Organization on the Example of Half Marathons in Poland", IBIMA Business Review. http://doi.org/10.5171/2021.560080
Łuczak, J., Miśniakiewicz, M. and Saavedra, J. M. (2021)," How to Identify and Assess Risk Factors for Large-scale Running Events: The Organizers’ Perspective ", IBIMA Business Review, 2021, http://doi.org/10.5171/2021.178203
Majidi, C., Kashef, S. M., Ahadi, B. and Rasoolazar, G. (2016). The Factors Related to Beautification and joyfulness of university sport places on dormitory student’s tendency in physical activity. Applied Research in Sport Management, 4(3), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3465827
Martos-García, D., Devís-Devís, J. and Sparkes, A. C. (2009). Sport and physical activity in a high security Spanish prison: An ethnographic study of multiple meanings. Sport, Education and Society, 14(1), 77-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573320802615189
Mata, C., Pereira, C. and Carvalhinho, L. (2022). Safety Measures and Risk Analysis for Outdoor Recreation Technicians and Practitioners: A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 14(6), 3332. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063332
Miller J., Pauline G. and Wendt, J. T. (2013). An Investigation of Risk Management, Protocols at Triathlon Event, Journal of Venue and Event Management, 4(2), 17- 34.
Miller, S. G., Hall, S. A. and Croft, C. (2020). Leading through crisis: Competencies for sport event security professionals. International Journal of Sport Management, 21(2), 174-192.
Młodzik, M., Kazimierczak, M., León-Guereño, P., Tapia-Serrano, M. A. and Malchrowicz-Mośko, E. (2021) The Impact of Water Sporting Events on Attitudes Toward Physical Activity: Motivational Profiles of Participants in Modern and Traditional Water Events. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 632948. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.632948
Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P. y Stewart, L. A. (2015). Declaración de 2015 sobre los elementos de informe preferidos para los protocolos de revisión sistemática y metaanálisis (PRISMA-P). Systematic Reviews, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1
Moyle, B., Kennelly, M. and Lamont, M., (2014). Risk Management and Contingency Planning in Events: Participants’ Reactions to the cancellation of Ironman New Zeeland 2012, International Journal of Event Management Research, 8(1), 94-106.
Nohr, K. M. (2009). Managing Risk in Sport and Recreation: The Essential Guide for Loss Prevention. Human Kinetics. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781492596325
Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C. and Mulrow, C. D. (2021). La declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para informar revisiones sistemáticas. BMJ, 372, n71. http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj. n71
Postma, T. J. B. M. and Liebl, F. (2005). How to improve scenario analysis as a strategic management tool? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 72(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2003.11.005
Pradisathaporn, S., Kaviya, S., Fujii, Y. and Yupapin, P. P. (2011). An intelligent and multipurpose digital ticket using ad hoc network. Procedia Engineering, 8, 296-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.03.055
Ramírez-Muñoz, A. and Zamarripa , J. (2024). Violencia, socialización y género en los clubes deportivos: un estudio comparativo. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 24(2), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.560511
Saeidi Majd, N., Khodadad Kashi, S., Abdolmaleki, H. and Khodatari, A. (2021). Identifying and prioritizing factors affecting the security of sport facilities (Case of Iran). Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 16(50), 593-603. http://dx.doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v16i50.1433
Sánchez-Aparicio, A. and Santolaya, M. (2024). Variables de Personalidad y Conductas de Riesgo: Una Perspectiva a través de los Deportes Extremos de Montaña. Revista de Psicología Aplicada al Deporte y el Ejercicio Físico, 8(2), e14. https://doi.org/10.5093/rpadef2023a14
Shahmansouri, E. A. and Mozafari, S. A. A. (2006). The Causes Of Accession In Sport Crisis And The Ways For Preventing Them InSoftware, Hardware, Liveware And Mass Media Arenas. Research On Sport Science, 19(12). https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v16i50.1433
Szabolcs, M., Nagy-Tóth, N. Á., Dávid, L. D., Gogo, A. F. C. and Bujdosó, Z. (2022). The Role of Sports Policing and Tourism Safety at the Summer Olympics. Sustainability, 14(10), 5928. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105928
Tomé-Lourido, D., Vila-Tojo, S., Ponte, D. and Arce, C. (2023). Medición de procesos psicológicos y sociales en aficionados al deporte: adaptación al español del Identification with a Psychological Group Scale y Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 23(2), 75-89. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.553481
Wann, D. L., Havard, C. T., Grieve, F. G., Lanter, J. R., Partridge, J. A. and Zapalac, R. K. (2016). Investigating sport rivals: Number, evaluations and relationship with team identification. Journal of Fandom Studies, 4(1), 71-88. https://doi.org/10.1386/jfs.4.1.71_1
Wann, D. L., Haynes, G., McLean, B. and Pullen, P. (2003). Sport team identification and willingness to consider anonymous acts of hostile aggression. Aggressive Behavior: Official Journal of the International Society for Research on Aggression, 29(5), 406-413. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.10046
Wann, D., Peterson, R., Cothran, C. and Dykes, M. (1999). Sport fan aggression and anonymity: The importance of team identification. Social Behavior and Personality: An international journal, 27(6), 597-602. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1999.27.6.597
Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:
1. El Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (la editorial) conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y favorece y permite la reutilización de las mismas bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica. Color RoMEO: verde.