Influencia de la ira en la valoración de la congruencia emocional entre escenas y expresiones faciales
Resumen
Las personas con altos niveles de ira muestran problemas en atención ejecutiva y en la capacidad para inhibir una respuesta dominante y/o activar una respuesta subdominante, que podrían influir en la valoración de la congruencia emocional. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación entre los niveles de ira asociada a la agresividad y la valoración de la congruencia emocional (escenas y expresiones faciales). Se utilizó el International Affective Picture System para seleccionar las escenas de contenido emocional (Positivas, Violentas, Repulsivas, Neutras), y el NimStim Face Stimulus Set para seleccionar las expresiones faciales emocionales (Alegría, Ira, Miedo, Asco, Neutra). Además, se utilizó el cuestionario de agresividad de Buss y Perry (1992) para determinar los niveles de ira (menor, medio, mayor). Los sujetos con mayores niveles de ira (vs. menores) mostraron tiempos de respuesta más amplios en la valoración de la congruencia emocional entre imágenes y expresiones faciales. El tamaño del efecto fue grande y mayor en las congruencias negativas (r > .50) que en la positiva (r = .33). Estos resultados podrían explicarse por las dificultades en el control atencional de los sujetos del grupo con mayores niveles de ira, especialmente cuando la información que se procesa es negativa.
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