Expectativas de futuro de adolescentes procedentes de distintos contextos sociales

Autores/as

  • Pilar Fornell Departamento de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz (Spain) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0801-0900
  • Amaranta Úrsula Ortiz-Bermúdez Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain.
  • Álvaro Rodríguez-Mora Departamento de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz (Spain) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1869-4840
  • Laura Verdugo Departamento de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz (Spain) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1437-7242
  • Yolanda Sánchez-Sandoval Departamento de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz (Spain) http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8341-7386
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.522701
Palabras clave: Expectativas de futuro, Adolescentes, Autopercepciones, Apoyo social percibido, En riesgo

Resumen

Este trabajo analiza las expectativas futuras durante la adolescencia y su relación con variables personales (edad, sexo, autoestima y satisfacción vital) y contextuales (apoyo social percibido y nivel de riesgo). La muestra está formada por 748 adolescentes, con edades comprendidas entre los 9 y 16 años (M = 11.93, SD = 1.42) procedentes de contextos con distinto nivel de riesgo social. Los resultados muestran que las expectativas futuras disminuyen a medida que aumenta la edad, con pocas diferencias encontradas en función del sexo. Autopercepciones y sentimientos de apoyo social más positivos se asocian a mejores expectativas futuras. En relación al nivel de riesgo, contextos más vulnerables tienen un efecto negativo en las expectativas futuras. Los análisis de regresión muestran la capacidad predictiva de las variables estudiadas. Finalmente, el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales confirma el efecto causal positivo del ajuste psicológico y del apoyo social percibido, así como la influencia negativa de los contextos con mayores desventajas sociales, sobre las expectativas de futuro. Los resultados encontrados proponen la necesidad de instaurar programas preventivos orientados a fomentar los recursos personales de los niños, especialmente en aquellos que pertenecen a contextos vulnerables.

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Biografía del autor/a

Yolanda Sánchez-Sandoval, Departamento de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz (Spain)

Profesora Titular de Universidad

Dept. Psicología (Universidad de Cádiz)

Citas

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Publicado
27-04-2023
Cómo citar
Fornell, P., Ortiz-Bermúdez, A. Úrsula, Rodríguez-Mora, Álvaro, Verdugo, L., & Sánchez-Sandoval, Y. (2023). Expectativas de futuro de adolescentes procedentes de distintos contextos sociales. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 39(2), 294–303. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.522701
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Sección
Psicología social y organizacional