Conocimiento y adherencia a las guías de práctica clínica de la osteoartritis entre fisioterapeutas en Arabia Saudita: un estudio transversal
Resumen
Antecedentes: Las guías de práctica clínica (GPC) son esenciales para el tratamiento eficaz de la osteoartritis (OA); sin embargo, su aplicación entre los fisioterapeutas sigue siendo inconsistente. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el conocimiento y la adherencia de los fisioterapeutas en Arabia Saudita a las GPC sobre OA. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal mediante un cuestionario en línea autoadministrado dirigido a fisioterapeutas colegiados en Arabia Saudita. La encuesta incluyó datos demográficos, una evaluación de conocimientos mediante declaraciones basadas en las GPC y una viñeta clínica para evaluar la adherencia. Los participantes se clasificaron como en cumplimiento, cumplimiento parcial o no cumplimiento según su alineamiento con las intervenciones recomendadas por las GPC. Resultados: De 384 participantes, el 69 % mostró una alta adherencia (cumplimiento), mientras que el 26,3 % no cumplió y el 4,7 % cumplió parcialmente. Una mayor adherencia se asoció con estudios de posgrado, mayor experiencia clínica, mayor exposición a casos de OA y el trabajo en centros universitarios o privados. A pesar de que el 93,5 % había leído al menos una guía práctica clínica (GPC), la adherencia varió significativamente entre los grupos. Conclusión: Si bien los fisioterapeutas tienen un alto nivel de conocimiento sobre las GPC para la artrosis, persisten lagunas en su aplicación práctica. Se necesita formación específica, apoyo en el entorno laboral e iniciativas políticas para mejorar la adherencia y la atención de la artrosis. Se recomienda que futuras investigaciones exploren las barreras para la implementación de las guías y prueben intervenciones personalizadas.
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