Functional Movement Screen® evaluation: comparison between elite and non-elite young swimmers

FMS® and performance in swimming

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.438401
Palabras clave: Rendimiento de natación, Rendimiento funcional, Nadadores competitivos, Pantalla de movimiento, Jóvenes nadadores

Resumen

Functional Movement Screen® (FMS®) permite evaluar la funcionalidad del movimiento del atleta. La funcionalidad del movimiento en nadadores jóvenes de élite y no élite puede predecir el rendimiento futuro. El propósito de este estudio es comparar las puntuaciones de FMS® entre nadadores jóvenes de élite y no élite, y verificar su relación con el rendimiento de estilo libre de 100 m. Treinta y dos nadadores de élite (edad: 14,99 ± 0,13 años; altura: 1,71 ± 0,02 m; masa corporal: 61,28 ± 1,27 kg; Puntos de la Federación Internacional de Natación [FINA]: 651,59 ± 6,44) y 17 nadadores no élite (edad : 14,65 ± 0,19 años; altura: 165,12 ± 2,03 cm; masa corporal: 57,22 ± 2,43 kg; puntos FINA: 405,71 ± 21,41) se ofrecieron como voluntarios para participar en este estudio transversal. Se consideraron para el análisis los puntajes FMS® de prueba individual, el puntaje compuesto FMS® y los puntos FINA. Los nadadores de élite lograron valores mas elevados en Deep Squat (p = 0.005; ES = 0.99), Right Hurdle Step (p = 0.005; ES = 0.99), Left Hurdle Step (p = 0.002; ES = 1.08), Trunk Stability Push Up (p <0.001 ; ES = 1.44) y puntajes compuestos de FMS® (p <0.001; ES = 1.35) en comparación con nadadores que no son de élite. Las puntuaciones compuestas de FMS® se relacionaron positivamente con el rendimiento de estilo libre de 100 m (r = 0.596, r2 = 40.9%, p <0.001). Los nadadores jóvenes que no son de élite revelan déficits funcionales en tareas que involucran movilidad de caderas, rodillas y tobillos, y estabilización del núcleo y la columna vertebral. Mayor funcionalidad de movimiento está positivamente relacionada con el rendimiento de estilo libre de 100 m. Los entrenadores de natación deben considerar estos déficits y su relación con el rendimiento para diferenciar la prescripción de ejercicio entre estas poblaciones.

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Publicado
20-04-2021
Cómo citar
Lucas, D., Neiva, H. ., Marinho, D., Ferraz, R., Rolo, I., & Duarte-Mendes, P. (2021). Functional Movement Screen® evaluation: comparison between elite and non-elite young swimmers: FMS® and performance in swimming. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 21(2), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.438401
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Ciencias del Deporte