Estrategias de presión defensiva y su impacto en el juego ofensivo en el fútbol femenino de élite

Fútbol femenino de élite: Dinámica Defensiva-Ofensiva

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.649741
Palabras clave: pérdida de balón, transiciones dinámicas, eficacia ofensiva, UEFA Women's Champions League, presión defensiva

Resumen

Estudios recientes han estudiado los comportamientos ofensivos en el fútbol femenino de élite, pero la relación entre las acciones defensivas y las transiciones ofensivas contrarias sigue estando poco explorada. Este estudio analizó cómo la presión defensiva durante las transiciones dinámicas afecta a los patrones ofensivos en la UEFA Women's Champions League 2023/2024. Se codificaron los datos de 13 partidos, 16 equipos y 1.324 transiciones utilizando la herramienta de observación “Transfootb”, desarrollada por dos entrenadores UEFA PRO. El análisis, respaldado por una alta fiabilidad inter-observadores e intra-observadores (índices kappa de 0,9 y 0,85), incorporó 13 criterios técnico-tácticos y 4 contextuales. Los principales resultados indicaron que la presión defensiva condujo a ataques más directos por parte de los adversarios, menos pases, menor participación de los jugadores, posesiones más cortas y menor eficacia ofensiva. El análisis multivariante reveló que variables como el resultado final y parcial, el momento del partido, la ubicación del equipo, el posicionamiento defensivo, el tipo de recuperación del balón, la implicación de los jugadores atacantes y el periodo de tiempo determinaron las estrategias de presión defensiva. Los resultados ponen de relieve la capacidad de adaptación de los equipos para modificar los planteamientos defensivos en función de la interacción de factores técnico-tácticos y contextuales, así como la influencia de los comportamientos defensivos de un equipo sobre los ofensivos del rival. Estas conclusiones pueden servir de base para el entrenamiento y la planificación táctica con el fin de optimizar las fases defensiva y ofensiva del juego en el fútbol femenino de élite.

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Publicado
01-05-2025
Cómo citar
Casal, C. A., Losada, J. L., de Benito Trigueros, A. M., Maneiro, R., & Iván-Baragaño, I. (2025). Estrategias de presión defensiva y su impacto en el juego ofensivo en el fútbol femenino de élite: Fútbol femenino de élite: Dinámica Defensiva-Ofensiva. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 25(2), 32–51. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.649741
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Psicología del Deporte