El examen de las relaciones entre adicción digital, soledad, timidez y ansiedad social en adolescentes.
Resumen
La adicción digital, que se determina como un problema común entre los adolescentes en los últimos años, afecta negativamente la vida de los adolescentes en muchos aspectos. El objetivo del estudio es examinar las relaciones entre la adicción digital, la soledad, la timidez y la ansiedad social de los adolescentes. Gate se reunió con adolescentes que completaron la Escala de adicción digital, la versión corta de la Escala de soledad de UCLA, la Escala de timidez y la Escala de gravedad del trastorno de ansiedad social DSM-5 - Formulario infantil. Las hipótesis sugeridas se han probado utilizando los datos recopilados de 991 adolescentes y un análisis de regresión jerárquica. Los resultados de la investigación encontraron una relación positiva y significativa entre la adicción digital, la soledad, la timidez y la ansiedad social entre los adolescentes. Además, los hallazgos muestran que la adicción digital, la soledad y la timidez predicen la ansiedad social. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que la adicción digital, la soledad y la timidez tienen efecto sobre la ansiedad social. Según los hallazgos, se sugiere aplicar diversas intervenciones educativas por parte de profesionales de la salud mental a adolescentes que presenten signos de adicción digital, soledad, timidez y ansiedad social.Descargas
Citas
Arslan, A., Kırık, A. M., Karaman, M., & Çetinkaya, A. (2015). Digital addiction in high school and university students. International Peer-Reviewed Journal of Communication and Humanities Researches, 8, 34-58.https:// doi.org/10.17361/uhive. 2015813153.
Başdaş Ö, & Özbey H. (2020). Digital game addiction, obesity, and social anxiety among adolescents. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 34(2): 17-20. https://doi.org/10.1016 /j.apnu.2019.12.010.
Basel, A. M., McAlaney, J., Skinner, T., Pleva, M, & Ali, R. (2020). Defining digital addiction: Key features from the literature. Psihologija ,53(3),237-253. https://doi.org /10.2298/PSI191029017A.
Berte, D. Z., Mahamid, F.A. & Affouneh, S. (2021). Internet Addiction and Perceived Self-Efficacy Among University Students. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19, 162–176. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11469-019-00187-x.
Bian, M., & Leung, L. (2014). Linking loneliness, shyness, smart phone addiction symptoms, and patterns of smart phone use to social capital. Social Science Computer Review, 33(1),61-79. https://doi.org/10.1177/ 0894439314528779.
Blossom, P., &Apsche, J. (2013). Effects of loneliness on human development. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 7, 28–29. https://doi.org/ 10.1037/h0100963.
Blöte, A. W., Miers, A. C., Van den Bos, E., & Westenberg, P. M. (2019). Negative social self-cognitions: How shyness may lead to social anxiety. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 63, 9-15.https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.appdev.2019.05.003.
Caner, N., & Evgin, D. (2021). Digital risks and adolescents: The relationships between digital game addiction, emotional eating, and aggression. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 30(6), 1599-1609. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12912.
Cheek, J. M., & Buss, A. H. (1981). Shyness and sociability. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2, 330–339.https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.41.2.330.
Christakis, D. A. (2019). The challenges of defining and studying "digital addiction" in children. JAMA, 321(23), 2277-2278.doi:10.1001/jama. 2019.4690.
Coplan, R. J., Liu, J., Ooi, L., Chen, X., Li, D., & Ding, X. (2016). A person‐oriented analysis of social withdrawal in Chinese children. Social Development, 25, 794–811. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12181.
Dahl, D., &Bergmark, K. H. (2020).Persistence in problematic internet use a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Sociology, 5(30), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2020.00030.
Danneel, S., Nelemans, S., Spithoven, A., Bastin, M., Bijttebier, P., Colpin, H., Van Den Noortgate, W., Van Leeuwen, K., Verschueren, K., &Goossens, L. (2019). Internalizing problems in adolescence: Linking loneliness, social anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms over time. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 47,1691-1705.https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2004.07.006.
Dong, B., Zhao, F., Wu, X. S., Wang, W. J., Li, Y. F., Zhang, Z. H., & Sun, Y. H. (2019). Social anxiety may modify the relationship between internet addiction and its determining factors in Chinese adolescents. International Journal of Mental and Health Addiction,17,1508-1520.https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9912-x.
Ellis, W.. E., Dumas, T. M., & Forbes, L. M. (2020). Physically isolated but socially connected: Psychological adjustment and stress among adolescents during the initial Covid-19 criris. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/ Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 52(3), 177–187. https://doi.org/10.1037/cbs0000215.
Epkins, C. C., & Heckler, D. R. (2011). Integrating etiological models of social anxiety and depression in youth: evidence for a cumulative interpersonal risk model. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 14, 329–376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-011-0101-8.
Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statictics. Sage.
Fung, K., Paterson, D., & Alden, L. E. (2017). Are social anxiety and loneliness best conceptualized as a unitary trait. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 36(4), 335-345.https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2017.36.4.335.
Güngör, A. (2001). The development of shyness scale: studies on the validity and reliability of the scale. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 15(2), 17–22. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ tpdrd/issue/21435/229781.
Hawkley, L. C., &Capitanio, J. P. (2015). Perceived social isolation, evolutionary fitness and health outcomes: A lifespan approach. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 370, 20140114. https://doi.org/ 10.1098/rstb.2014.0114.
Heinrich, L. A., &Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness: A literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 695–718. https:// doi.org/ 10.1016/j.cpr.2006.04.002.
İme, Y., & Ümmet, D. (2023). The effects of cognitive behavioral psychological group counseling program on the psychological resilience and emotional flexibility of adolescents. Current Psychology, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05051-9
Karaca, S., Karakoc, A., Can Gurkan, O., Onan, N., & Unsal Barlas, G. (2020). Investigation of the online game addiction level, socio demographic characteristics and social anxiety as risk factors for online game addiction in middle school students. Community Mental Health Journal,56, 830-838.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-019-00544-z.
Karaer, Y., and Akdemir, D. (2019). Parenting styles, perceived social support and emotion regulation in adolescents with internet addiction. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 92, 22-27.https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.compppsych.2019.03.003.
Karagöz, D., & Ramkissoon, H. (2023). Loneliness, travel nostalgia, subjective well-being and prevention regulatory focus: A moderated mediation model analysis. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2023.2175201
Kesici, A., & Fidan Tunç, N. (2018). The development of the digital addiction scale for the university students: Reliability and validity study. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6(1), 91–98. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.060108.
Kong, F., Qin, J., Huang, B., Zhang, H., & Lei, L. (2020). The effect of social anxiety on mobile phone dependence among Chinese adolescents: A moderated mediation model. Children and Youth Services Review,108:104517.https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.childyouth. 2019.104517.
Kuss, D. J., & Billieux, J. (2017). Technological addictions: Conceptualisation, measurement, etiology and treatment. Addictive Behaviors, 64, 231–233.https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.04.005.
Lim, M. H., Rodebaugh, T. L., Zyphur, M. J., & Gleeson, J. F. (2016). Loneliness over time: The crucial role of social anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 125(5), 620.https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000162.
Maes, M., Nelemans, S. A., Danneel, S., Fernández-Castilla, B., Van den Noortgate, W., Goossens, L., &Vanhalst, J. (2019). Loneliness and social anxiety across childhood and adolescence: Multilevel meta-analyses of cross-sectional and longitudinal associations. Developmental Psychology, 55(7), 1548–1565.https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000719.
Morrissette, M. (2021). School closures and social anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60(1), 6-7. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1624-0813
OECD (2019). PISA 2018 Results (Volume III): What School Life Means for Students’ lives. OECD Publishing.https://doi.org/10.1787/ acd78851-en.
Peper, E. & Harvey, R. (2018). Digital addiction: increased loneliness, anxiety, and depression. NeuroRegulation, 5(1), 3-8.https://doi.org/10.15540/ nr.5.1.3.
Ponti, L., & Tani, F. (2015). Shyness and psychological adjustment: The moderating role of friendship relationships. Journal of Psychopathology, 5(21), 30–39.
Ramkissoon, H. (2021). Place affect interventions during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 726685. https:// doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726685
Ramkissoon, H. (2022a). Prosociality in times of separation and loss. Current opinion in Psychology, 45, 101290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc. 2021.11.008
Ramkissoon, H. (2022b). COVID-19 adaptive interventions: Implications for wellbeing and Quality-of-Life. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.810951
Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(3), 472-480. https://doi.org/ 10.1037/0022-3514.39.3.472.
Sapmaz, Ş., Ergin, D., Celasin, N., Karaarslan, D., Öztürk, M., Erkuran, H., Köroğlu, E., & Aydemir, Ö. (2017). Validity and Reliability of the Turkish version of DSM-5 Social Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale- Child Form. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 54, 354-357. doi: 10.5152/npa. 2017.17027.
Serafini, G., Pompili, M., Innamorati, M., Rihmer, Z., Sher, L., & Girardi, P. (2012). Can cannabis increase the suicide risk in psychosis? A critical review. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 18, 5165-5187. https://doi.org/ 10.2174/138161212802884663
Serafini, G., Parisi, V.M., Aguglia, A., Amerio, A., Sampogna, G., Fiorillo, A., Pompili, M., & Amore, M. (2020). A specific inflammatory profile underlying suicide risk? systematic review of the main literature findings. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 2393. doi:10.3390/ijerph17072393
Spence, S. H., & Rapee, R. M. (2019). The etiology of social anxiety disorder: An evidence-based model. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 86, 50-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.06.007.
Twenge, J. M., Haidt, J., Blake, A. B., McAllister, C., Lemon, H., & Le Roy, A. (2021). World increases in adolescent loneliness. Journal of Adolescence, 93, 257-269.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.06.006.
Wang, J. L., Sheng, J. R., & Wang, H. Z. (2019). The association between mobile game addiction and depression, social anxiety, and loneliness. Frontiers in Public Health, 7(247).https://doi.org/10.3389/ fpubh.2019.00247.
Yeap, J. A., Ramayah, T., Kurnia, S., Abdul Halim, H., & Hazlina Ahmad, N. (2015). The assessment of internet addiction among university students: some findings from a focus group study. Tehnickivjesnik/Technical Gazette, 22(1).https://doi.org /10.17559/TV-20131009152752.
Yıldız, M. A., & Duy, B. (2014). Adaptation of the short-form of the UCLA loneliness scale (ULS8) to Turkish for the adolescents. Düşünen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 27(3), 194-203. https://dx.doi.org/10.5350/dajpn2014270302.
Zeytinoglu, S., Neuman, K. J., Degnan, K. A., Almas, A. N., Henderson, H., ChronisTuscano, A., Pine, D. S., & Fox, N. A. (2021). Pathways from maternal shyness to adolescent social anxiety. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63(3), 342-349. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13477.
Zhao, J., Song, F., Chen, Q., Li, M., Wang, Y., & Kong, F. (2018). Linking shyness to loneliness in Chinese adolescents: The mediating role of core self-evaluation and social support. Personality and Individual Differences, 125, 140-144.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.01.007.
Derechos de autor 2024 Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia (España)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:
1. El Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (la editorial) conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y favorece y permite la reutilización de las mismas bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.
© Servicio de Publicaciones, Universidad de Murcia, 2022
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada y enviada a la revista) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica. Color RoMEO: verde.
