¿Qué sabemos sobre las variables que subyacen a la actuación del terapeuta altamente eficaz? Una revisión sistemática

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.499371
Palabras clave: Terapeuta altamente eficaz, Efecto del terapeuta, Revisión sistemática, Terapeuta efectivo, Terapeuta experto

Resumen

Los terapeutas altamente eficaces son aquellos que logran sistemáticamente elevados niveles de éxito terapéutico. Sin embargo, aunque se contraste empíricamente dicha eficacia inter-terapeuta, todavía no se conocen cuáles son las conductas que explican este desempeño diferenciado. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar las variables asociadas a estos terapeutas altamente eficaces, sus definiciones, los parámetros de medida de éxito y la precisión con la que se miden los constructos de interés. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática (RS) con publicaciones entre los años 2000 y 2020 de las bases de datos Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Google Académico y ProQuest Research Library. Se seleccionaron 2784 artículos empíricos, de los cuales 31 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los principales resultados muestran que hay casi 50 variables predictoras del efecto del terapeuta. Se resume y se define cada una de estas variables psicológicas, y se concluye que para lograr explicar el alto nivel de éxito inter-terapeuta es necesario incrementar la validez de constructo de las variables predictivas, adecuar el diseño de las investigaciones e incluir datos con respecto a la interacción entre el terapeuta y su cliente.

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Publicado
01-01-2023
Cómo citar
Pereira, G. L., Trujillo Sanchez, C. ., Alonso-Vega, J., Echevarría-Escalante, D., & Froxán-Parga, M. X. (2023). ¿Qué sabemos sobre las variables que subyacen a la actuación del terapeuta altamente eficaz? Una revisión sistemática. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 39(1), 10–19. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.499371
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Sección
Psicología clínica y de la salud

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