Intervención temprana de la lectura y la escritura en estudiantes españoles

Autores/as

  • María-Jose González- Valenzuela Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia. Universidad de Málaga (Spain) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0387-0725
  • Isaías Martín Ruiz Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia. Universidad de Málaga (Spain)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.472161
Palabras clave: Intervención temprana, Estudio longitudinal, Lectura, Escritura

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el rendimiento en lectura y escritura en estudiantes españoles, tras su intervención desde edades tempranas. La finalidad de la intervención es priorizar y sistematizar la instrucción en principio alfabético, conciencia fonológica, fluidez lectoescritora, vocabulario y comprensión textual. La muestra está formada por 126 sujetos, distribuidos en grupo instruido (n=62) y grupo no instruido (n = 64), pertenecientes a zonas socioculturales medias, con inteligencia normal y sin déficits físicos, psíquicos y/o sensoriales. Los sujetos son evaluados desde 2º curso de Educación Infantil (cuatro años) hasta 1º curso de Educación Primaria (seis años). El diseño es longitudinal con medidas repetidas (cuatro evaluaciones), tres fases de intervención y dos variables de estudio (Rendimiento en Lectura y Rendimiento en Escritura) y dos grupos de sujetos. Se realizan análisis estadísticos descriptivos y análisis de varianza de medidas repetidas. Los resultados obtenidos indican mejores puntuaciones en lectura y escritura a lo largo de todas las evaluaciones y un avance significativamente mayor en el grupo instruido. Estos resultados demuestran la eficacia de una intervención temprana del lenguaje escrito a través de la instrucción sistemática en conciencia fonológica, principio alfabético, fluidez lectoescritora, vocabulario y comprensión textual.

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Publicado
27-08-2023
Cómo citar
González- Valenzuela, M.-J. ., & Martín Ruiz, I. (2023). Intervención temprana de la lectura y la escritura en estudiantes españoles. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 39(3), 405–414. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.472161
Número
Sección
Psicología evolutiva y de la educación