Systematic Review of Digital Citizenship and Human Rights in Educational Contexts
Abstract
Digital citizenship has often been understood within the framework of Ribble´s nine principles, and is frecuently associated with good practices in internet use, wich limits it´s potential for civic participation. Likewise, there was a lack of evidence on how to develop critical, participatory, and emancipatory approaches that would strengthen the exercise of human rights in educational contexts. This study addressed the relationships between digital citizenship and human rights, and pursued four objectives: to analyze the conceptual and theoretical frameworks that underpinned this relationships, to examine the essential skills and knowledge required to exercise digital citizenship; to identify the main challenges and tensions faced by educational and social institutions in implementing digital citizenship; and to identify evidence-based guidelines and recomendations to strengthen education, regulation, and community partipation in digital citizenship. To this end, the systematic review method was used and the PRISMA 2020 guidelines were applied. The findings revealed a paradigm shift from normative-instrumental approaches to critical and transformative frameworks focused on human rights. The main challenges documented included pesistent digital divides, curriculum fragmentation, tensions between youth protection and participation, and teacher training limitations. Although longitudinal and experimental studies exploring the effects of digital citizenship were not analyzed, the study highlighted that digital citizenship needed to be included in the curriculum across the board from preschool onwards, with specialized teacher training and partnerships with families and communities to build protective and participatory ecosystems.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Jose Rubén Castro Muñoz, Rocío Edith López Martínez., Mariana Morales Alejandre, Héctor Herrera Barragán

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