Capacidad aeróbica en escolares de Educación Primaria determinada mediante el test Course Navette: una revisión sistemática
Abstract
Aerobic capacity has been extensively studied over the years because of its relationship to fitness, sports performance, and health. For its evaluation, a widely used instrument is the Course Navette test, which indirectly calculates the maximum oxygen consumption. The objective of this study was to know the current panorama of the level of aerobic capacity in primary school children, determined through the Course Navette test. A systematic review was carried out on transversal studies carried out all over the world, which evaluated aerobic capacity in primary school children by means of the Course Navette test. A total of 19 studies were included in the review. Most studies show that primary school children in different countries have a cardiorespiratory capacity that is not considered a health risk. However, the averages found are not eminent enough, where volatility among participants is high. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the levels of physical capacity in schoolchildren, as a factor of capital importance for the maintenance and optimization of health, especially among those who are below the thresholds defined for cardiovascular risk.
Downloads
References
Archer, J. A., Lim, Z. M., Teh, H. C., Chang, W. C., & Chen, S. H. (2015). The Effect of Age on the Relationship Between Stress, Well-Being and Health in a Singaporean Sample. Ageing International, 40(4), 413-425. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12126-015-9225-3
Astrand, P. O. (1967). Measurement of maximal aerobic capacity. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 96(12), 732-735. Recuperado de: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1936187/pdf/canmedaj01208-0041.pdf
Bassett, D. R., & Howley, E. T. (1997). Maximal oxygen uptake: «classical» versus «contemporary» viewpoints. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 29(5), 591-603. Recuperado de: https://insights.ovid.com/pubmed?pmid=9140894
Blair, S. N., Kampert, J. B., Kohl, H. W., Barlow, C. E., Macera, C. A., Paffenbarger, R. S., & Gibbons, L. W. (1996). Influences of cardiorespiratory fitness and other precursors on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in men and women. JAMA, 276(3), 205-210. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1996.03540030039029
Carreras-González, G., & Ordóñez-Llanos, J. (2007). Adolescencia, actividad física y factores metabólicos de riesgo cardiovascular. Revista Española de Cardiología, 60(6), 565-568. https://doi.org/10.1157/13107111
Chicharro, J. L. (2008). Fundamentos de fisiología del ejercicio. En: J. L. Chicharro & L. M. L. Mojares (Eds.), Fisiología clínica del ejercicio (p.31). Madrid, España: Médica Panamericana.
De Almeida, C. C., Farah, B. Q., de Azevedo, L. B., Hill, J. O., Gunnarsdottir, T., Botero, J. P., …, & do Prado, W. L. (2017). Associations Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Overweight With Academic Performance in 12-Year-Old Brazilian Children. Pediatric Exercise Science, 29(2), 220-227. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2016-0048
Desai, I. K., Kurpad, A. V., Chomitz, V. R., & Thomas, T. (2015). Aerobic Fitness, Micronutrient Status, and Academic Achievement in Indian School-Aged Children. PLOS ONE, 10(3), e0122487. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0122487
Domínguez-González, F., Moral-Campillo, L., Reigal, R. E., & Hernández-Mendo, A. (2018). Condición física y atención selectiva en una muestra preadolescente. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 18(2), 33-42. Recuperado de: https://revistas.um.es/cpd/article/view/317691/229481
Donnelly, J. E., Hillman, C. H., Castelli, D., Etnier, J. L., Lee, S., Tomporowski, P., …, & Szabo-Reed, A. N. (2016). Physical Activity, Fitness, Cognitive Function, and Academic Achievement in Children: A Systematic Review. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48(6), 1197-1222. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000901
Fletcher, G. F., Balady, G., Blair, S. N., Blumenthal, J., Caspersen, C., Chaitman, B., …, & Pollock, M. L. (1996). Statement on exercise: benefits and recommendations for physical activity programs for all Americans. A statement for health professionals by the Committee on Exercise and Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Council on Clinical Cardiology, American Heart Association. Circulation, 94(4), 857-862. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.94.4.857
García-Hermoso, A. (2016). Aerobic capacity as a mediator of the influence of birth weight and school performance. Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, 7(04), 337-341. https://doi.org/10.1017/S204017441600012X
García, G. C., Secchi, J. D, & Cappa, D. (2013). Comparación del consume máximo de oxígeno predictivo utilizando diferentes test de campo incrementales: UMTT, VAM-EVAL and 20m-SRT. Archivos de Medicina del Deporte, 30(155), 156-162. http://archivosdemedicinadeldeporte.com/articulos/upload/OR_04_oxigeno_155.pdf
González-Valero, G., Ubago-Jiménez, J. L., Zurita-Ortega, F., Chacón-Cuberos, R., Castro-Sánchez, M., & Puertas-Molero, P. (2018). Eating Habits and Lifestyles in Schoolchildren from Granada (Spain). A Pilot Study. Education Sciences, 8(4), 216. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci8040216
Grao-Cruces, A., Fernández-Martínez, A., & Nuviala, A. (2014). Association of Fitness With Life Satisfaction, Health Risk Behaviors, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Spanish Adolescents: Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(8), 2164-2172. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000363
Gulías-González, R., Sánchez-López, M., Olivas-Bravo, Á., Solera-Martínez, M., & Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. (2014). Physical Fitness in Spanish Schoolchildren Aged 6-12 Years: Reference Values of the Battery EUROFIT and Associated Cardiovascular Risk. Journal of School Health, 84(10), 625-635. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12192
Henriksson, P., Henriksson, H., Tynelius, P., Berglind, D., Löf, M., Lee, I. M., …, & Ortega, F. B. (2019). Fitness and Body Mass Index During Adolescence and Disability Later in Life: A Cohort Study. Annals of Internal Medicine, 170(4), 230-239. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-1861
Hillman, C. H., Erickson, K. I., & Kramer, A. F. (2008). Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9(1), 58-65. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2298
Kvaavik, E., Klepp, K. I., Tell, G. S., Meyer, H. E., & Batty, G. D. (2009). Physical Fitness and Physical Activity at Age 13 Years as Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors at Ages 15, 25, 33, and 40 Years: Extended Follow-up of the Oslo Youth Study. PEDIATRICS, 123(1), e80-e86. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2008-1118
Lahoz-García, N., García-Hermoso, A., Milla-Tobarra, M., Díez-Fernández, A., Soriano-Cano, A., & Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. (2018). Cardiorespiratory Fitness as a Mediator of the Influence of Diet on Obesity in Children. Nutrients, 10(3), 358. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10030358
Lamoureux, N. R., Fitzgerald, J. S., Norton, K. I., Sabato, T., Tremblay, M. S., & Tomkinson, G. R. (2019). Temporal Trends in the Cardiorespiratory Fitness of 2,525,827 Adults Between 1967 and 2016: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 49(1), 41-55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-1017-y
Latorre-Román, P. Á., Mora-López, D., & García-Pinillos, F. (2016). Intellectual maturity and physical fitness in preschool children: Intellectual maturity and fitness. Pediatrics International, 58(6), 450-455. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.12898
Lee, D., Artero, E. G., Sui, X., & Blair, S. N. (2010). Review: Mortality trends in the general population: the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 24(Supl.4), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359786810382057
Lema, L., Mantilla, S. C., & Arango, C. M. (2016). Asociación entre condición física y adiposidad en escolares de Montería, Colombia / Associations Between Physical Fitness and Adiposity Among School-Age Children from Monteria, Colombia. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la AF y del Deporte, 16(62), 277-296. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2016.62.007
Marques, A., Mota, J., Gaspar, T., & de Matos, M. G. (2017). Associations between self-reported fitness and self-rated health, life-satisfaction and health-related quality of life among adolescents. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 15(1), 8-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesf.2017.03.001
Welk, G. J., Laurson, K. R., Eisenmann, J. C., & Cureton, K. J. (2011). Development of Youth Aerobic-Capacity Standards Using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 41(4), S111-S116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.07.007
McCarthy, K., Cai, L., Xu, F., Wang, P., Xue, H., Ye, Y., …, & He, Q. (2015). Urban-Rural Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study of Schoolchildren in Wuhan, China. PLOS ONE, 10(9), e0137615. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137615
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Ortega, F. B., Artero, E. G., Ruiz, J. R., Vicente-Rodriguez, G., Bergman, P., Hagströmer, M., ..., & Polito, A. (2008). Reliability of health-related physical fitness tests in European adolescents. The HELENA Study. International journal of obesity, 32(S5), S49-S57. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.183
Palomino-Devia, C., González-Jurado, J. A., & Ramos-Parraci, C. A. (2017). Body composition and physical fitness in Colombian high school students from Ibagué. Biomédica, 37(3), 408-415. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v34i2.3455
Riiser, K., Ommundsen, Y., Småstuen, M. C., Løndal, K., Misvær, N., & Helseth, S. (2014). The relationship between fitness and health-related quality of life and the mediating role of self-determined motivation in overweight adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 42(8), 766-772. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494814550517
Roberts, C., Freeman, J., Samdal, O., Schnohr, C. W., de Looze, M. E., Gabhainn, N., …, & Rasmussen, M. (2009). The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study: methodological developments and current tensions. International Journal of Public Health, 54(S2), 140-150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-009-5405-9
Rodríguez-García, P. L., Tárraga, L., Rosa, A., García-Cantó, E., Pérez-Soto, J. J., Gálvez, A., Tárraga, P. (2014). Physical Fitness Level andIts Relationship with Self-Concept in School Children. Psychology, 5(18), 2009-2017. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2014.518204
Rosa-Guillamón, A., García-Cantó, E., Rodríguez-García, P. L., & Pérez-Soto, J. J. (2016). Condición física y calidad de vida en escolares de 8 a 12 años. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina, 65(1), 37-42. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v65n1.59634
Rosa-Guillamón, A., García-Cantó, E., Rodríguez-García, P. L., & Pérez-Soto, J. J. (2016). Condición física y calidad de vida en escolares de 8 a 12 años. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina, 65(1), 37-42. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v65n1.59634
Rosa-Guillamón, A., Rodríguez-García, P. L., García-Cantó, E., & Pérez-Soto, J. J. (2015). Niveles de condición física de escolares de 8 a 11 años en relación al género y a su estatus corporal. Ágora para la educación física y el deporte, 3(17), 237-250. Recuperado de: http://agora-revista.blogs.uva.es/files/2015/12/agora_17_3c_rosa_et_al.pdf
Rosa, A., García, E. G., Rodríguez, P. L., & Pérez, J. J. (2014). Nivel de capacidad aeróbica y su relación con el estatus corporal en escolares de 8 a 12 años. EmásF: revista digital de educación física, (31), 7-20. Recuperado de: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/5476882.pdf
Rosa, A., García, E., Pérez, J. J., & Rodríguez, P. L. (2017). Estado de peso, condición física y satisfacción con la vida en escolares de educación primaria. Estudio piloto. MHSALUD: Revista en Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Salud, 13(2), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.15359/mhs.13-2.2
Ruiz, E., Ávila, J., Castillo, A., Valero, T., del Pozo, S., Rodriguez, P., …, & Varela-Moreiras, G. (2015). The ANIBES Study on Energy Balance in Spain: Design, Protocol and Methodology. Nutrients, 7(2), 970-998. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7020970
Ruiz, J. R., Cavero-Redondo, I., Ortega, F. B., Welk, G. J., Andersen, L. B., & Martinez-Vizcaino, V. (2016). Cardiorespiratory fitness cut points to avoid cardiovascular disease risk in children and adolescents; what level of fitness should raise a red flag? A systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(23), 1451-1458. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095903
Ruiz, J. R., Ortega, F. B., Gutiérrez, A., Meusel, D., Sjöström, M., & Castillo, M. J. (2006). Health-related fitness assessment in childhood and adolescence: a European approach based on the AVENA, EYHS and HELENA studies. Journal of Public Health, 14(5), 269-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-006-0059-z
Ruiz, J. R., Ortega, F. B., Martinez-Gomez, D., Labayen, I., Moreno, L. A., & De Bourdeaudhuij, I. (2011). Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Time in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 174(2), 173-184. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr068
Saeedi, P., Black, K., Haszard, J., Skeaff, S., Stoner, L., Davidson, B., …, & Skidmore, P. (2018). Dietary Patterns, Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness in 9–11-Year-Old Children from Dunedin, New Zealand. Nutrients, 10(7), 887. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10070887
Salvini, M., Gall, S., Müller, I., Walter, C., du Randt, R., Steinmann, P., …, & Gerber, M. (2017). Physical activity and health-related quality of life among schoolchildren from disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Quality of Life Research, 27(1), 205-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1707-1
Sardinha, L. B., Marques, A., Minderico, C., Palmeira, A., Martins, S., Santos, D. A., & Ekelund, U. (2016). Longitudinal Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Academic Achievement: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48(5), 839-844. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000830
Secchi, J. D., & García, G. C. (2013). Aptitud física cardiorrespiratoria y riesgo cardiometabólico en personas adultas jóvenes. Revista Española de Salud Pública, 87(1), 35-48. https://doi.org/10.4321/S1135-57272013000100005
Secchi, J. D., García, C. G., España-Romero, V., & Castro-Piñero, J. (2014). Condición física y riesgo cardiovascular futuro en niños y adolescentes argentinos: una introducción de la batería ALPHA. Archivos Argentinos de Pediatría, 112(2), 132-140. https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2014.132
Tomlin, D. L., & Wenger, H. A. (2002). The relationships between aerobic fitness, power maintenance and oxygen consumption during intense intermittent exercise. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 5(3), 194-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1440-2440(02)80004-4
Vanhelst, J., Labreuche, J., Béghin, L., Drumez, E., Fardy, P. S., Chapelot, D., …, & Ulmer, Z. (2017). Physical Fitness Reference Standards in French Youth: The BOUGE Program. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(6), 1709-1718. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001640
Villa-González, E., Ruiz, J., & Chillón, P. (2015). Associations between Active Commuting to School and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Spanish School-Aged Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(9), 10362-10373. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120910362
Voss, C., Sandercock, G., Higgins, J. W., Macdonald, H., Nettlefold, L., Naylor, P. J., & McKay, H. (2014). A cross-cultural comparison of body composition, physical fitness and physical activity between regional samples of Canadian and English children and adolescents. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 105(4), e245-e250. https://doi.org/10.17269/cjph.105.4478
Wang, S., Liu, Y., Zhan, J., Liu, X., Feng, Q., Gong, J., …, & He, Q. (2015). Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Schoolchildren. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 27(2), NP674-NP680. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539513496137
Zaqout, M., Michels, N., Ahrens, W., Börnhorst, C., Molnár, D., Moreno, L. A., …, & De Henauw, S. (2018). Associations between exclusive breastfeeding and physical fitness during childhood. European Journal of Nutrition, 57(2), 545-555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1337-3
Zaqout, M., Michels, N., Bammann, K., Ahrens, W., Sprengeler, O., …, & De Henauw, S. (2016). Influence of physical fitness on cardio-metabolic risk factors in European children. The IDEFICS study. International Journal of Obesity, 40(7), 1119-1125. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2016.22
Los artículos que se publican en esta revista están sujetos a los siguientes términos:
1. El Departamento de Métodos de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Educación de la Universidad de Murcia (España), junto con el Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universitdad de Murcia (Editum) son los editores de la revista REIFOP y conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de los artículos publicados, permitiendo la reutilización de las mismos bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editores y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica. Color RoMEO: verde.
