Use of Virtual Microscopy in Teaching and Learning of Oral Pathology. Levels of Achievement in Postgraduate Courses.
Abstract
Virtual Microscopy (VM) is a technological tool that uses the digitalization of microscopic slides to produce high-quality virtual images and videos, emulating a conventional microscope (CM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability to recognize normal histological structures, basic histopathological lesions, microscopic descriptions that define an entity, and the diagnosis of entities. VM was used in two postgraduate courses in a blended-learning format, with Moodle as the virtual learning environment (VLE). The levels of learning outcomes were assessed in two postgraduate courses on, "Oral Mucosal Pathology" and "Pathology of the Jaws," attended by 30 general dentists. VM was incorporated both live and through videos generated from virtual slides. Students received the clinical-pathological information for all cases during the course. The final evaluation was based on two cases, and the following ítems were observed and categorized: A) Recognition of Normal Histological Structures (NHS). B) Recognition of Basic Histopathological Lesions (BHL). C) Description of Microscopic Findings (DMF), and D) Diagnosis of Entities (DE). Of the participants, 80% (n=24) were able to recognize BHL, while 20% (n=6) achieved a Level 3. Regarding DMF, 76.6% (n=23) described them correctly, and (n=25) achieved a Level 4. Conclusion: The implementation of VM enhances learning in the recognition of NHS, BHL, DMF, and DxE. A detailed evaluation suggests that the most complex skill, DxE, reached a high percentage of students with the highest level. This reinforces the concept that teaching from lower to higher complexity is effective. VM is an ideal tool for the teaching-learning process in topics related to Oral Pathology, as demonstrated by our educational experience.
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