Perspectivas Estudiantiles y Docentes sobre la IA en la Educación Sanitaria: Scoping Review
Resumen
El proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en la Educación Médica evoluciona con los avances tecnológicos. La Inteligencia Artificial (IA) se ha convertido en una herramienta cada vez más utilizada en el aprendizaje de estudiantes. Sin embargo, su implementación es cuestionada por docentes y alumnos de carreras relacionadas al ámbito sanitario. En este scoping review, se examinaron las percepciones, oportunidades y desafíos de estudiantes de pregrado de carreras de salud en relación a la implementación de la IA. Siguiendo las guías PRISMA, se realizaron búsquedas en MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus y ISI/Web of Science por artículos pertinentes; se eliminaron artículos duplicados y se seleccionaron de acuerdo a nuestros criterios de elegibilidad. De los 121 estudios seleccionados, 14 se incluyeron en el estudio; se realizó un análisis temático basado en categorías de los estudios seleccionados. La mayoría de los hallazgos evidencian una buena percepción, interés y disposición de los estudiantes sobre la implementación de la IA en el currículum médico. No obstante, se destaca como desafío el desconocimiento de la utilidad de la IA, sumado a una resistencia al cambio por miedo a la sustitución de labores profesionales. Asimismo, se plantea como desafío ético la deshumanización de la medicina. La principal limitación es la temática de investigación aún en desarrollo, con una literatura disponible aún en etapas iniciales de investigación.
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