Envolvimento com a corrida, lealdade à corrida e bem-estar subjetivo: Análise de clusters
Agências Suporte
- Funding information: Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., Grant/Award Number UIDP/04748/2020
Resumo
Um dos principais objetivos da política de muitos governos é aumentar a participação desportiva para promover a saúde e o bem-estar dos cidadãos. Estudos que analisaram os efeitos da atividade física sobre o bem-estar subjetivo dos indivíduos são raros (Wiese et al., 2017), não estão bem estabelecidos (Panza et al., 2019) e várias lacunas persistem (Dolan et al., 2008). O objetivo do artigo é identificar segmentos de corredores, através da análise de clusters, com base no envolvimento com a corrida, lealdade à corrida e bem-estar subjetivo dos corredores. Uma amostra de 736 corredores de uma das corridas de atletismo mais populares de Portugal respondeu a um questionário. Foram avaliados os constructos: envolvimento com a corrida (centralidade e atracção), lealdade à corrida, bem-estar subjetivo e variáveis sociodemográficas. 52,9% dos indivíduos eram homens e 47,1% eram mulheres. A identificação e o número de clusters foram obtidos usando o Bayesian Information Criterion. Foram identificados quatro clusters significativos, refletindo, um deles (cluster 4) níveis relevantes e outro (cluster 2) os níveis mais reduzidos de bem-estar subjetivo. O resultado principal mostrou que o cluster com o mais elevado nível de bem-estar subjetivo não foi o grupo dos corredores com maior nível de lealdade à corrida. Alguns clusters refletem diferenças relevantes de idade e género. Os resultados permitem tirar uma grande conclusão: A necessidade de desenhar estratégias focadas nos clusters identificados para promover a participação desportiva através da corrida, com o objetivo de elevar o envolvimento com a corrida e o bem-estar subjetivo dos indivíduos.
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