Implicación y lealtad en carrera y bienestar subjetivo en corredores: Análisis de clusters
Agencias de apoyo
- Funding information: Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., Grant/Award Number UIDP/04748/2020
Resumen
Uno de los principales objetivos de política de muchos departamentos gubernamentales de deporte y salud es aumentar la participación deportiva para promover la salud y el bienestar de los ciudadanos. En los últimos años, los estudios que analizan los efectos de la actividad física en el bienestar subjetivo de un individuo son raros (Wiese et al. 2017), no han sido bien establecidos (Panza et al., 2019) y varias lagunas parecen existir en la literatura (Dolan et al. 2008). El presente estudio utiliza el análisis de clusters con el objetivo de identificar segmentos de corredores basados en la implicación en la carrera, la lealtad a la carrera y el bienestar subjetivo. Una muestra de 736 corredores de una de las carreras de atletismo más populares de Portugal completó un cuestionario, evaluando, la implicación, la lealtad a la carrera, el bienestar subjetivo y las variables sociodemográficas. El 52,9% de los encuestados eran hombres y el 47,1% mujeres. El número de clusters se determinó utilizando el BIC (Schwarz, 1978). Se identificaron cuatro clusters significativos, reflejando, uno (grupo 4) niveles relevantes y el otro (grupo 2) los niveles más bajos de bienestar subjetivo. El principal resultado mostró que el clúster con el más alto nivel de bienestar subjetivo no era el grupo de corredores con el más alto nivel de lealtad a la carrera. Los resultados nos permiten sacar una gran conclusión: La necesidad de diseñar estrategias centradas en los clústeres identificados para promover la participación deportiva através prática da carrera y aumentar el bienestar subjetivo.
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