Challenges, burden and emotional impact on Portuguese athletes during COVID-19 pandemic
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar como é que variáveis contextuais associadas ao período de confinamento resultante da pandemia COVID-19 (nível de confinamento, risco para contrair doença severa de COVID-19, e ambiente desportivo), podem discriminar sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e stress em atletas. Este estudo pretendeu ainda explorar as preocupações mais experienciadas pelos atletas aquando da retoma da sua prática desportiva, e como é que estas se associam a indicadores psicopatológicos.
Participaram neste estudo 265 atletas portugueses de diferentes desportos que completaram, numa plataforma online, medidas de autorrelato durante o período de confinamento.
Os resultados demonstraram que existem diferenças nos indicadores psicopatológicos em termos do número de horas de treino por semana e do tipo de contacto que os atletas mantiveram com o seu treinador. Adicionalmente, este estudo demonstrou que os atletas reportam algumas preocupações relativamente à retoma da sua prática desportiva após o período de confinamento, e que estas preocupações foram associadas a maiores níveis de ansiedade, depressão e stress nos atletas.
Este estudo parece ter importantes implicações práticas, alertando a comunidade desportiva para o impacto de variáveis contextuais associadas a momentos críticos de pandemia nos atletas. Particularmente, as comunidades desportivas devem encorajar a preservação das rotinas dos atletas, bem como incentivar os treinadores a continuarem a orientar o treino dos seus atletas. Este estudo parece ainda ter implicações práticas para os psicólogos, sugerindo a relevância de abordar as preocupações dos atletas relativas à retoma da sua prática desportiva e promovendo estratégias para lidar com estes novos desafios.
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