Análisis de la Influencia de la Función de Auditoría Interna sobre las Cuotas de Auditoría

Analysis of the Influence of the Internal Audit Function on Audit Fees

Autores/as

  • Laura Sierra García Universidad Pablo de Olavide
  • Emiliano Ruiz Barbadillo Universidad de Cádiz
  • Manuel Orta Pérez Universidad de Sevilla
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/rc-sar.22.1.354351
Palabras clave: Auditoría Interna, Comités de Auditoría, Auditoría Externa, Honorarios de Auditoría

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación existente entre la función de auditoría interna y los honorarios del auditor sobre una muestra de empresas que cotizan en el mercado continuo español entre 2003 y 2011. Utilizando el modelo de honorarios de auditoría propuesto por Simunic (1980), los resultados indican que los honorarios de auditoría son mayores en aquellas compañías que cuentan con la existencia de un departamento de auditoría interna. Asimismo, la existencia de reuniones entre el comité de auditoría y la función de auditoría interna es estadísticamente significativa con los honorarios. Este estudio contribuye a la literatura de diversas formas. En primer lugar, no existen trabajos anteriores en España, a diferencia de otros contextos, sobre la relación entre auditoría interna y honorarios. En segundo lugar, los resultados empíricos detectados en estudios previos resultan contradictorios por lo tanto lleva a la necesidad de complementarlos. Finalmente, los resultados tiene implicaciones prácticas para la empresa, los auditores externos y los propios organismos reguladores.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Laura Sierra García, Universidad Pablo de Olavide

Universidad Pablo de Olavide
Departamento Economía Financiera y Contabilidad
Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013- Sevilla España

Emiliano Ruiz Barbadillo, Universidad de Cádiz

Universidad de Cádiz
Departamento Economía Financiera y Contabilidad
Glorieta Carlos Cano, s/n, 11002- Cádiz España

Manuel Orta Pérez, Universidad de Sevilla

Universidad de Sevilla
Departamento de Contabilidad y Economía Financiera
Avda. Ramón y Cajal, 1, 41005- Sevilla España

Citas

Abbott, L.J., Gunny, K., & Zhang, T.C. (2013). When the PCAOB talks, who listens? Evidence from client firm reactions to adverse, GAAP-deficient PCAOB inspection reports. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 32(2), 1-31. https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/soa_research/96

Abbott, L.J., Parker, S., & Peters, G.F. (2012). Audit fee reductions from internal audit-provided assistance: The incremental impact of internal audit characteristics. Contemporary Accounting Research, 29(1), 94-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.2011.01072.x

Al-Twaijry, A.A.M., Brierley, J.A., & Gwilliam, D.R. (2004). An examination of the relationship between internal and external audit in the Saudi Arabian corporate sector. Managerial Auditing Journal, 9(7), 929–944. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686900410549448

Anderson, T., & Zéghal, D. (1994). The pricing of audit services: Further evidence from the Canadian market. Accounting and Business Research, 24(95), 195-207. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1994.9729479

Asthana, S.C., & Boone, J.P. (2012). Abnormal audit fee and audit quality. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 31(3), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-10294

Bartov, E., Gul, F., & Tsui, J. (2000). Discretionary-accruals models and audit qualifications. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 30(3), 421-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(01)00015-5

Beasley, M.S., Carcello, J.V., Hermanson, D.R., & Lapides, P.D. (2000). Fraudulent financial reporting: Consideration of industry traits and corporate governance mechanisms. Accounting Horizons, 14(4), 441-454. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.2000.14.4.441

Boletín Oficial del Estado (BOE) (2013). Resolución de 15 de octubre de 2013, del Instituto de Contabilidad y Auditoría de Cuentas, por la que se publican las nuevas Normas Técnicas de Auditoría, resultado de la adaptación de las Normas Internacionales de Auditoría para su aplicación en España, Instituto de Contabilidad y Auditoría de Cuentas, Madrid.

Brown, P.R. (1983). Independent auditor judgment in the evaluation of internal auditor functions. Journal of Accounting Research, 3(3), 444-455. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2490784

Carcello, J.V., Hermanson, D.R., & Raghunandan, K. (2005). Factors associated with U.S. public companies’ investment in internal auditing. Accounting Horizons, 19(2), 69-84. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.2005.19.2.69

Carey, P., Simnett, R., & Tanewski, G. (2000). Voluntary demand for internal and external auditing by family business. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 19(s-1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2000.19.s-1.37

Chen, L.H., Chung, H.H., Peters, G.F., & Wynn, J.P. (2016). Does Incentive-Based Compensation for Chief Internal Auditors Impact Objectivity? An External Audit Risk Perspective. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 36(2), 21-43. https://doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51575

Choi, J.H., Kim, C., Kim, J.B., & Zang, Y. (2010). Audit office size, audit quality, and audit pricing. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 29(1), 73-97. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2010.29.1.73

Chung, D.Y., & Lindsay, W.D. (1988). The pricing of audit services: The Canadian perspective. Contemporary Accounting Research, 5(1), 19-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1988.tb00693.x

Clark, M., Gibbs, T.E., & Schroeder, R.B. (1980). Evaluating internal audit departments under SAS 9. The Women CPA, 8-11, 22-29.

CNMV (2006). Código Unificado, Conthe, 2006. Informe del grupo especial de trabajo sobre buen gobierno de las sociedades cotizadas,. Madrid: CNMV

CNMV (2013). Código Unificado de Buen Gobierno de las Sociedades Cotizadas, Madrid: CNMV

CNMV (2015). Código de Buen Gobierno de las Sociedades Cotizadas, Madrid: CNMV

Cohen, J., Krishnamoorthy, G., & Wright, A. (2010). Corporate governance in the post-Sarbanes Oxley era: Auditors’ experiences. Contemporary Accounting Research, 27(3), 751–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.2010.01026.x

De Fuentes, C., & Pucheta, M.C. (2009). Auditor independence, joint determination of audit and non-audit fees and the incident of qualified audit reports. Academia: Revista Latino Americana de Administration, 43, 63-92. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=71612112005

DeFond, M., Raghunandan, K., & Subramanyam, K.R. (2002). Do non-audit service fees impair auditor independence? Evidence from going concern audit opinions. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(4), 1247–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.00088

Deloitte (2012). Análisis sobre la situación actual de las empresas españolas no cotizadas en relación con el Buen Gobierno, Deloitte and Esade, Madrid.

Elliott, R.K., & Korpil A.R. (1978). Factors affecting audit fees: Cost-benefit analysis of auditing. Research Study No 3, AICPA, New York, NY.

Ettredge M, Richardson, V.J., & Scholz, S. (2000). Going concern auditor reports at corporate Web sites. Research in Accounting Regulation, 14(2), 3–22.

Ezzamel, M., Gwilliam, D.R., & Holland. K.M. (2002). The relationship between categories of non-audit services and audit fees: Evidence from UK companies. International Journal of Auditing, 6(1), 13-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-1123.2002.tb00003.x

Felix, W.L., Gramling, A.A. & Maletta, M.J. (1998). Coordinating total audit coverage: The relationship between internal and external auditors. The Institute of Internal Auditors, Altamonte Springs, Florida.

Felix, W.L., Gramling, A.A., & Maletta, M.J. (2001). The contribution of internal audit as a determinant of external audit fees and factors influencing this contribution. Journal of Accounting Research, 39(3), 513–34. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.00026

Fernandez Méndez, C., & Arrondo García, R. (2007). The effects of ownership structure and board composition on the audit committee meeting frequency: Spanish evidence. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 15(5), 909- 922. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2007.00619.x

Francis, J. (1984). The effect of audit firm size on audit prices: A study of the Australian market. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 6(2), 133-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(84)90010-7

Francis, J.R., Khurana, I.K., & Pereira, R. (2003). The role of accounting and auditing in corporate governance and the development of financial markets around the world. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 10(1), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/16081625.2003.10510613

García-Sánchez, I.M., Frias-Aceituno, J.F., & Garcia-Rubio, R. (2012). Determining factors of audit committee attributes: Evidence from Spain. International Journal of Auditing, 16, 184-213. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-1123.2012.00451.x

Gendron, Y., Bédard, J., & Gosselin, M. (2004). Getting inside the black box: A field study of practices in "effective" audit committees. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23(1), 153-71. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2004.23.1.153

Gerrard, I., Houghton, K., & Woodliff, D. (1994). Audit fees: The effects of auditee, auditor and industry differences. Managerial Auditing Journal, 9(7), 3-11. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686909410067534

Gist, W.E. (1995). A test of audit pricing in the small client segment: A comment. Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, 10(2), 223-234. https://doi.org/10.1177/0148558X9501000202

Goodwin-Stewart, J., & Kent, P. (2006). The Relation between external audit fees, audit committee characteristics and internal audit. Accounting and Finance, 46(3), 387-404. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-629X.2006.00174.x

Goodwin, J., & Yeo T.Y. (2001). Two factors affecting internal audit independence and objectivity: Evidence from Singapore. International Journal of Auditing, 5(2), 107-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-1123.2001.00329.x

Gramling, A.A. (1999). External auditors’ reliance on internal auditors: The importance of client fee pressure in the reliance decision. Working paper, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC.

Gramling, A.A., & Stone, D.N. (2001). Audit firm industry expertise: A review and synthesis of the archival literature. Journal of Accounting Literature, 20(1), 1-29. https://search.proquest.com/docview/216306494?accountid=14695

Gramling, A.A., Maletta, M.J., Schneider, A., & Church, B.K. (2004). The role of the internal audit function in corporate governance. Journal of Accounting Literature, 23(2), 194–244. https://search.proquest.com/docview/216303617?accountid=14695

Gray, I., & Manson, S. (2008). The Audit Process (5th ed.). U.K,Hampshire: Cengage,

Gujarati, D.N. (2009). Basic econometrics. Tata McGraw-Hill Education: New York, NY.

Hackenbrack, K., & Knechel, W.R. (1997). Resource allocation decisions in audit engagements. Contemporary Accounting Research, 14(3), 481–499. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1997.tb00537.x

Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R.E., & Tatham, R.L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Pearson Prentice-Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ.

Harrison, A. (1996). Openness and growth: A time-series, cross-country analysis for developing countries. Journal of Development Economics, 48(2), 419-447. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(95)00042-9

Hay, D., Knechel, W.R., & Wong, N. (2006). Audit fees: A meta-analysis of the effect of supply and demand attributes. Contemporary Accounting Research, 23(1), 141–191. https://doi.org/10.1506/4XR4-KT5V-E8CN-91GX

Hay, D., Knechel, W.R., & Ling, H. (2008). Evidence on the impact of internal control and corporate governance on audit fees. International Journal of Auditing, 12(1), 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-1123.2008.00367.x

Ho, S., & Hutchinson, M. (2010). Internal audit department characteristics/activities and audit fees: Some evidence from Hong Kong firms, Journal of International Accounting. Auditing and Taxation, 19(2), 121-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2010.07.004

Instituto de Auditores Internos (IIA) (2003). La reputación corporativa y la auditoria interna. Revista de Auditoria Interna, 66(5), 9-11.

Klein, A. (2002). Audit committee, board of director characteristics, and earnings management. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(2), 375-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(02)00059-9

Krishnamoorthy, G. (2002). A multistage approach to external auditors’ evaluation of the internal audit function. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 21(1), 95–121. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2002.21.1.95

Krishnan, J. (2005). Audit committee quality and internal control: An empirical analysis. The Accounting Review, 80(2), 649–675. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2005.80.2.649

La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (2000). Investor protection and corporate governance. Journal of Financial Economics, 58(1), 3-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(00)00065-9

Larrain, B., Tapia, M., & Urzúa, F. (2017). Investor protection and corporate control. Journal of Corporate Finance, 47, 174-190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2017.09.002

Ley. 44/2002, 2002 de 22 de Noviembre de Medidas de Reforma del Sistema Financiero. Boletin Oficial del Estado (BOE): Madrid.

Maletta, M. (1993). An examination of auditors’ decision to use internal auditors as assistants: The effect of inherent risk. Contemporary Accounting Research, 9(2), 508–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1993.tb00895.x

Martínez-Ferrero, J., Gallego-Álvarez, I., & García-Sánchez, I. M. (2015). A bidirectional analysis of earnings management and corporate social responsibility: the moderating effect of stakeholder and investor protection. Australian Accounting Review, 25(4), 359-371. https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12075

Messier, W.F., & Schneider, A. (1988). A hierarchical approach to the external auditor’s evaluation of the internal auditing function. Contemporary Accounting Research, 4(2), 337–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1988.tb00670.x

Messier, W.F., Reynolds, J.K., Simon, C.A., & Wood, D.A. (2011). The effect of using the internal audit function as a management training ground on the external auditor’s reliance decision. The Accounting Review, 86(6), 2131–2154. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-10136

Mohamed, Z., Mat Zain, M., Subramaniam, N., & Yusoff, W.F. (2012). Internal audit attributes and external audit’s reliance on internal audit: Implications for audit fees. International Journal of Auditing, 16(3), 268–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-1123.2012.00450.x

Monterrey Mayoral, J., & Sánchez Segura, A. (2007). Un estudio empírico de los honorarios del auditor. Cuadernos de Economía y Dirección de la Empresa, 32(9), 81-110.

Morrill, C., & Morrill, J. (2003). Internal auditors and the external audit: A transaction cost perspective. Managerial Auditing Journal, 18(6/7), 490–504. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686900310482632

Neter, J., Wasserman, W. & Kutner, M.H. (1987). Applied Linear Statistical Models. Richard Irwin Inc.: Illinois.

O’Brien, R.M. (2007). A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality and Quantity, 41(5), 673-690. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-006-9018-6

Prawitt, D.F., Smith, J.L., & Wood, D.A. (2009). Internal audit characteristics and earnings management. The Accounting Review, 84(4), 1255–1280. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2009.84.4.1255

Prawitt, D.F., Sharp, N.Y., & Wood, D.A. (2011). Reconciling archival and experimental research: Does internal audit contribution affect the external audit fee?. Behavioral Research in Accounting, 23(2), 187-206. https://doi.org/10.2308/bria-10065

Quick, R., & Henrizi, P. (2018, in press). Experimental evidence on external auditor reliance on the internal audit. Review of Managerial Science, 1-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-018-0285-0

Raghunandan, K., Read, W.J., & Rama, D.V. (2001). Audit committee characteristics, ‘Gray Directors’, and interaction with internal auditing. Accounting Horizons, 15(2), 105-118. https://doi.org/10.2308/acch.2001.15.2.105

Raman, K.K., & Wilson, E.R. (1992). An empirical investigation of the market for ‘single audit’ services. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 11(4), 271-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4254(92)90001-E

Ruiz Barbadillo, Rodríguez Castro, P., & Biedma López, E. (2016). Barreras de entrada, concentración y competitividad en el Mercado de auditoria español. Spanish Journal of Finance and Accounting, 45(1), 92-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/02102412.2015.1092232

Scarbrough, P., Rama, D.V., & Raghunandan, K. (1998). Audit committees’ interaction with internal auditing: Canadian evidence. Accounting Horizons, 12, 51-62.

Schneider, A. (2010). Determining whether there are any effects of incentive compensation and stock ownership on internal audit procedures. International Journal of Auditing, 14(1), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-1123.2009.00405.x

Serrano Madrid, J., Ruiz Barbadillo, E., & Martínez Conesa, I. (2013). Análisis empírico de la prima por riesgo de negocio en el mercado de auditoría de pequeñas y medianas firmas auditoras en España. Revista Española de Financiación y Contabilidad, XLII(158), 239-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/02102412.2013.10779747

Sharma, V. (2011). Stock returns and product market competition: Beyond industry concentration. Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 37(3), 283-299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11156-010-0205-0

Sierra García, L., Ruiz Barbadillo, E., & Orta Pérez, M. (2012). Audit committee and internal audit and the quality of earnings: Empirical evidence from Spanish companies. Journal of Management and Governance, 16(2), 305-331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-010-9152-3

Simunic, D. (1980). The pricing of audit services: Theory and evidence. Journal of Accounting Research, 18(1), 161-190. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490397

Singh, H., & Newby, R. (2010). Internal audit and audit fees: Further evidence. Managerial Auditing Journal, 25(4), 309-327. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686901011034153

Singh, H., Woodliff, D., Sultana, N., & Newby, R. (2014). Additional evidence on the relationship between an internal audit function and external audit fees in Australia. International Journal of Auditing, 18(1), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12009

Soh, S.B., & Martinov-Bennie, N. (2011). The internal audit function: Perceptions of internal audit roles, effectiveness and evaluation. Managerial Auditing Journal, 26(7), 605-622. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686901111151332

Stein, M.T., Simunic, D.A., & O’keefe, T.B. (1994). Industry differences in the production of audit services. Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 13(1), 128-142.

Treadway Commission. (1987). Report of the National Commission on Fraudulent Financial Reporting. AICPA: New York, NY.

Turpin, R.A. (1990). Differential pricing on auditors’ initial engagements: Further evidence. Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 9(2), 60-76.

Velte, P. (2018, in press). Does gender diversity in the audit committee influence key audit matters' readability in the audit report? UK evidence. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, in press. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1491

Verschoor, C.C. (1992). Internal auditing interactions with the audit committee. Internal Auditing, Spring, 20-23.

Walker, P.L., & Casterella, J.R. (2000). The role of auditee profitability in pricing new audit engagements. Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 19(1), 157-167. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2000.19.1.157

Wallace, W. (1984). A times series analysis of the effect of internal audit activities on external fees. The Institute of Internal Auditors Research Foundation: Altamonte Springs, FL.

Ward, D.D., & Robertson, J.C. (1980). Reliance on internal auditors. Can independent auditors use more extensively the work of their internal counterparts?. Journal of Accountancy, 150, 62-73.

Watts, R.L., & Zimmerman, J.L. (1979). The markets for independence and independent auditor. Working paper series No, GPB 80-10. Unpublished manuscript. University of Rochester, NY.

Willekens, M., & Achmadi, C. (2003). Pricing and supplier concentration in the private client segment of the audit market: Market power or competition?. The International Journal of Accounting, 38(4), 431-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2003.09.002

Wu, C.Y.H., Hsu, H.H., & Haslam, J. (2016). Audit committees, n-audit services, and auditor reporting decisions prior to failure. The British Accounting Review, 48(2), 240-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2015.03.001

Zaman, M., Hudaib, M., & Haniffa, R. (2011). Corporate governance quality, audit fees and non-audit services fees. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 38(1), 165–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5957.2010.02224.x

Zaman, M., & Sarens, G. (2013). Informal interactions between audit committees and internal audit functions: Exploratory evidence and directions for future research. Managerial Auditing Journal, 28(6), 495-515. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686901311329892

Publicado
01-01-2019
Cómo citar
Sierra García, L., Ruiz Barbadillo, E., & Orta Pérez, M. (2019). Análisis de la Influencia de la Función de Auditoría Interna sobre las Cuotas de Auditoría: Analysis of the Influence of the Internal Audit Function on Audit Fees. Revista de Contabilidad - Spanish Accounting Review, 22(1), 100–111. https://doi.org/10.6018/rc-sar.22.1.354351
Número
Sección
Artículos

Artículos más leídos del mismo autor/a