Design and Application of an Instrument to Measure the Presence of Engineering (“E”) in STEM/STEAM Projects
Abstract
STEM/STEAM projects have gained significant prominence in contemporary science education at high school level; however, the inclusion of Engineering as a defining discipline often lacks rigorous justification. This study designs and implements an evaluation tool to determine the extent to which Engineering (“E”) is represented in STEM/STEAM projects implemented in secondary classrooms and published in indexed educational journals. The analysis revealed that none of the evaluated projects fulfilled all the criteria established by the evaluation instrument. Nevertheless, 73% of the projects met more than 75% of the engineering-related criteria, suggesting that the presence of Engineering in the analyzed STEM/STEAM projects is only partial.
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