Adaptação, validação e fiabilidade da versão indonésia do Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ)
Agências Suporte
- Direcção de Investigação, Tecnologia e Serviços Comunitários, Direcção Geral do Ensino Superior, Investigação e Tecnologia, Ministério da Educação e Cultura (Bolsa n.º 544/UN20.2.1/PG/2024).
Resumo
O conceito de resistência mental (TM) é cada vez mais reconhecido como um fator chave no desempenho atlético. O Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) é um instrumento de medida de MT desenvolvido em contexto desportivo e inglês. No entanto, não existem muitos estudos que testem as estruturas psicométricas em diferentes contextos linguísticos e culturais. Assim sendo, esta investigação tem como objetivo adaptar e testar o SMTQ no contexto indonésio e analisar a invariância baseada em atletas versus não atletas. Um total de 856 pessoas participaram neste estudo, mas os dados finais foram analisados para 724 participantes (Mage = 21,56 anos, DP = 7,63). O número de atletas foi de 385 pessoas (Mage = 20,79 anos, DP = 5,05), enquanto o número de não atletas foi de 339 pessoas (Mage = 22,42 anos, DP = 9,70). A análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC) foi utilizada para analisar a estrutura psicométrica do SMTQ. Os resultados da investigação mostraram que os três modelos testados (modelo de um fator, modelo de três fatores e modelo de ordem superior) não cumpriram o ajuste do modelo. Os resultados do modelo revisto mostram que o modelo revisto de três fatores é um modelo que se ajusta aos dados (CFI = 0,983, TLI = 0,977, RMSEA = 0,054, SRMR = 0,049). Os resultados da invariância baseados no estatuto (atleta vs. não-atleta) revelaram que não houve uma diminuição significativa do ajuste do modelo e a invariância SMTQid atingiu a invariância estrita. A validade do SMTQid apresenta valores de carga fatorial muito bons e enquadra-se nos critérios de bom a excelente (λ = 0,57 a 0,86), bem como validade convergente que apresenta uma correlação significativa com o MTI (r = 0, 38, p < 0,001 ). Os resultados do teste de fiabilidade mostram valores de CR = 0,82, 0,79 e 0,81 e valores de α = 0,73, 0,60, 0,83 para cada uma das escalas de confiança, constância e controlo no SMTQ.
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