Medição de processos psicológicos e sociais em seguidores de esportes: adaptação para o espanhol da escala Identification with a Psychological Group e Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale
Agências Suporte
- Este estudo recebeu financiamento da Deputación da Coruña, “Convocatoria de bolsas de investigación para o ano 2019” No 2019000010023.
Resumo
Nos últimos anos, aumentaram os estudos científicos que avaliam processos psicológicos e sociais em seguidores esportivos, destacando-se aqueles relacionados à agressividade e ao comportamento antissocial. Dois dos construtos-chave para entender a violência entre torcedores são a identificação com o grupo e o desengajamento moral. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi a adaptação para o espanhol dos instrumentos Identification with a Psychological Group Scale e Moral Disengagement in Sport Scale, em uma amostra de 400 seguidores de diversas modalidades esportivas. Para ambos os questionários foram realizadas as seguintes análises de dados: análise fatorial confirmatória, análise de confiabilidade por cálculo de Cronbach a e confiabilidade composta, bem como análise de invariância dos modelos de medição dependendo se os participantes eram seguidores de futebol ou de outra modalidade esportiva. As respostas aos itens apresentaram boas propriedades psicométricas para dois modelos unifatoriais, com nove itens no caso de identificação grupal e sete itens para desengajamento moral. Ambas as adaptações apresentaram bons indicadores de confiabilidade em ambas as perspectivas e de homogeneidade dos modelos de mensuração baseados no moderador multigrupo. As adaptações foram satisfatórias e permitem uma breve avaliação de dois construtos fundamentais na compreensão dos processos psicológicos e sociais da violência e do comportamento antissocial no esporte.
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