Revisão sistemática de pesquisas sobre o uso da atenção plena na educação física
Resumo
Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática tem como objetivo revisar os artigos publicados nos últimos seis anos sobre o uso da prática de mindfulness em educação física nos diferentes níveis de ensino, assim como as suas principais conclusões. Método: Os artigos publicados de 2014 a 2020 foram analisados nas bases de dados ERIC, Taylor e Francis, Web of Science e SCOPUS, com base nas diretrizes PRISMA e no modelo PICO. As informações extraídas dos artigos selecionados foram: autor e ano, país, idioma, escolaridade e número de participantes, duração, tipo de pesquisa, objetivos, resultados e programa de mindfulness utilizado. Resultados: 15 artigos foram incluídos. A maioria desses artigos foram publicados nos Estados Unidos, sem nenhuma representação em Espanha, e no ensino médio, com duração média das intervenções de 3 a 10 semanas. Quanto ao tipo de pesquisa, se destaca a quantitativa em relação á qualitativa. Os resultados confirmam os benefícios ao nivel da atenção, na melhoria do desenvolvimento da educação emocional, habilidades de consciência, auto-eficácia, auto regulação, redução do stresse, desempenho desportivo e atividade física. Os programas de mindfulness usados foram MBP, MAC, MMA, MSPE e MMTS. Conclusões: Apesar dos benefícios comprovados da mindfulness no âmbito desportivo, em Espanha, em comparação com outros países, as pesquisas sobre mindfulness e educação física escolar são praticamente inexistentes, principalmente nos níveis primário, infantil e profissional.
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