Viabilidad del Protocolo para el Entrenamiento de Imágenes Motoras (PEIM) aplicado a un grupo de atletas de rendimiento de deportes individuales. Estudios de casos
Resumen
El propósito del estudio fue examinar el efecto del Protocolo de Entrenamiento en Imágenes Motoras (PEIM) en un grupo de atletas de deportes individuales. Los participantes fueron 8 atletas con experiencia en eventos del Ciclo Olímpico con edades entre 20 y 31 años (M = 26 años, DE = 4.34). El diseño fue longitudinal simple de medidas repetidas intra sujeto. Durante la aplicación del PEIM las medidas se obtuvieron a través de la autoevaluación del atleta respecto a la calidad de las cualidades de las imágenes motoras. A su vez, la habilidad para imaginar se evaluó a través del SIQ (Hall et al., 1998, adaptado por Ruiz y Watt, 2014) aplicado en los siguientes momentos: a) previo a la aplicación del PEIM, b) finalizada la aplicación del PEIM, c) 15 días después del PEIM y, d) 30 días después del PEIM. Los resultados mostraron que la magnitud del tamaño del efecto individual (d-Cohen) del PEIM respecto a la destreza para recrear imágenes motoras reportó índices clasificados desde “ninguno” hasta “superior”. De igual forma, el tamaño del efecto del PEIM sobre la habilidad psicológica para imaginar fue calculado por medio del Porcentaje de Datos no Superpuestos (PND) que identificó efectos en los participantes categorizados entre “efectividad cuestionable” y “muy efectivo”. En concreto, se discutió la viabilidad del uso del PEIM en referencia a las diferencias individuales en cuanto a la destreza para recrear las cualidades de imágenes motoras junto con el desarrollo y mantenimiento de la habilidad para imaginar con el paso del tiempo.
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