Impacto en la salud mental en una muestra de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en la Ciudad de México

Autores/as

  • Lucía-Verónica Maya Piña Departamento de Reumatologìa, HJM, Ciudad de México
  • Rosa-Elda Barbosa-Cobos Departamento de Reumatologìa, HJM, Ciudad de México
  • Gustavo-Esteban Lugo-Zamudio Departamento de Reumatologìa, HJM, Ciudad de México
  • Karla-Lorena Chacón-Abril Departamento de Reumatologìa, HJM, Ciudad de México
  • Mayela Padrón-Ramírez Unidad de Salud Mental, Hospital Juárez de México, Ciudad de México
  • Xóchitl Jiménez-Jiménez Departamento de Reumatología, Centro Médico Naval, Ciudad de México
  • César-Rubén Vuelvas-Olmos Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Colima, Colima, México
  • Nadia Yanet Cortés-Álvarez Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico
  • Saúl Jiménez-Jiménez Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Lerma, México
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.502711
Palabras clave: DASS-21, Ansiedad, Estrés, Depresión, COVID-19

Resumen

Una de las consecuencias de la pandemia es el aumento de la prevalencia de alteraciones mentales como la ansiedad, la depresión y el estrés. En este estudio transversal y observacional se evaluó la prevalencia de estrés, ansiedad y depresión en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 así como la probable asociación con el impacto emocional recibido por familiares de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19. Cuarenta y cinco pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 con una edad promedio de 54.4 ± 9.6 años y cincuenta y cinco familiares de pacientes hospitalizados con una edad promedio de 43.2 ± 11.8 años respondieron una batería de preguntas y la encuesta DASS-21. Nuestros resultados revelaron una alta prevalencia de depresión, ansiedad y estrés identificados por DASS-21. En este estudio identificamos factores de riesgo asociados a la salud emocional como la edad (< 50 años: depresión RM = 2.99 [1.31, 6.80]  p < .05 y ansiedad RM = 2.83 [1.15, 6.93], p < .05), el género (mujeres: ansiedad RM = 4.13 [1.57, 10.89], p <  .05 y estrés RM = 5.38 [2.27, 12.8], p < .05) y el grupo de estudio (familiares: depresión RM = 3.83 [1.63, 8.96]; p < .05 , ansiedad RM = 3.60 [1.46, 8.88]; p < .05 y estrés RM = 3.30 [1.41, 7.70]; p < .05). Además, el género femenino y el nivel socioeconómico bajo de los pacientes (β = 3.23; 1.96) y familiares (β = 1.86; 2.31) se asociaron con puntuaciones más altas en ansiedad (p < .05) y estrés (p < .05). Concluimos que la muestra de pacientes con COVID-19 mantiene una alta prevalencia de alteraciones mentales y que algunos factores sociodemográficos se asocian con la magnitud de estos trastornos.

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Publicado
27-08-2022
Cómo citar
Maya Piña, L.-V., Barbosa-Cobos, R.-E., Lugo-Zamudio, G.-E., Chacón-Abril, K.-L., Padrón-Ramírez, M., Jiménez-Jiménez, X., … Jiménez-Jiménez, S. (2022). Impacto en la salud mental en una muestra de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en la Ciudad de México. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 38(3), 448–457. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.502711
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Sección
Psicología clínica y de la salud