Prevención de trastornos y síntomas emocionales en condiciones de salud: estudio piloto aplicando el Protocolo Unificado en una unidad de reproducción humana
Resumen
Los trastornos emocionales (TE) son frecuentes durante los tratamientos de fertilidad. El Protocolo Unificado (PU) es una intervención transdiagnóstica que ha demostrado su eficacia en la prevención de TE en condiciones médicas. El objetivo de este estudio piloto es: 1) mejorar la disregulación emocional para prevenir síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en mujeres en tratamiento de inseminación artificial (IA); 2) evaluar la aceptabilidad (satisfacción y adherencia). Método: 5 mujeres en tratamiento de IA, sin diagnóstico clínico, respondieron a medidas de estado de ánimo (ansiedad y depresión), afecto, calidad de vida y regulación emocional en el pre- y post-evaluación, y en los seguimientos a los 1, 3 y 6 meses. La adaptación preventiva del PU se basó en la aplicación de 6 sesiones presenciales grupales de 2 horas de duración. La situación generada por la COVID-19 provocó el cambio al formato online para finalizar el programa. Resultados: las mujeres no desarrollaron TE, no se encontraron diferencias pre-post y pre-seguimientos estadísticamente significativas en ansiedad, depresión, calidad de vida y disregulación emocional (p > .050). Se observa una tendencia a la mejoría en la evaluación post-programa. Conclusiones: Parece que programas como el PU, centrado en factores terapéuticos compartidos, ha tenido un efecto emocional preventivo durante IA.
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