INFLUENCIA DE LAS ACTITUDES MEDIOAMBIENTALES EN EL COMPORTAMIENTO DE LOS ECOTURISTAS IRANÍES

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/turismo.593641
Palabras clave: Comportamiento proambiental; Actitudes ambientales; Valores ambientales; Conocimiento ambiental; Ecoturista iraní; Modelo de ecuaciones estructurales

Agencias de apoyo

  • The research was funded by the project: Adaptation strategies and alternatives from inland tourism destinations in times of change (ADAPTATUR) (PID2020-114186RB-C22), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Government of Spain.

Resumen

Este estudio investiga los efectos de las actitudes medioambientales sobre el comportamiento proambiental. Un modelo conceptual examina las relaciones estructurales entre la actitud medioambiental, la preocupación, el valor y el conocimiento hacia el comportamiento proambiental del ecoturista. Se encuestó aleatoriamente a 452 ecoturistas iraníes de las montañas de Mashhad. Este estudio utiliza el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) para evaluar los factores que influyen en los comportamientos proambientales. Los resultados muestran que la preocupación proambiental y la actitud medioambiental antropocéntrica y ecocéntrica influyen significativamente en el comportamiento proambiental.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

AJZEN, I. (1985): «From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior»,. In J. Kuhland J. Beckman (Eds.), Action-control: From cognition to behavior. Heidelberg: Springer, (pp. 11-39.

AJZEN, I. (1991): “The theory of planned behavior”. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50 (2(, 179–211. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

AJZEN, I., FISHBEIN, M. (1980): Understanding attitudes and predicting social behaviour. Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.

AJZEN, I., MADDEN, T.J., (1986): “Prediction of goal-directed behavior: attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control”. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 22 (5), 453–474. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(86)90045-4

ALLEN, J.B., FERRAND, J. (1999): “Environmental locus of control, sympathy, and pro- environmental behavior: a test of Geller’s actively caring hypothesis”. Environment Behaviour, 31 (3), 338–353. https://doi.org/10.1177/00139169921972137

ANDERSON, J.C., GERBING, D.W. (1988): “Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach”. Psychological Bulletin, 103 (3), 411–423. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.3.411

ARISAL, I., ATALAR, T. (2016): “The exploring relationship between environmental concern, collectivism and ecological purchase intention”. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 25, 514–521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.11.063

BAMBERG, S., AJZEN, I., SCHMIDT, P. (2003): “Choice of travel mode in the theory of planned behavior: the roles of past behavior, habit, and reasoned action”. Basic and Applied Social Psychology. 25 (3), 175–187. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15324834BASP2503_01

BAMBERG, S., MÖSER, G., (2007): “Twenty years after Hines, Hungerford, and Tomera: A new metaanalysis of psycho-social determinants of pro-environmental behaviour”. Journal of Environmentl Psychology, 1, 14-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2006.12.002

BARBER, N., TAYLOR, C., STRICK, S., (2009): “Wine consumers' environmental knowledge and attitudes: influence on willingness to purchase”. International Journal of Wine Research, 1, 59-72. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWR.S4649

BINDER, M., BLAMKENBERG, A.K. (2016): “Environmental concern, volunteering and subjective well-being: Antecedents and outcomes of environmental activism in Germany”. Ecological Economics., 124, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.01.009

BROWN, T.A., (2012): Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research; Guilford Press: New York, NY, USA.

BUDOWSKI, G. (2001): “Ecoturismo en el siglo XXI”. En: Memorias del Seminario Internacional de Ecoturismo: Políticas Locales para Oportunidades Globales-LC/L. 1645-P-2001-p. 11-33.

BYRNE, B.M., (2010): Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, Applications, and Programming (Multivariate Applications Series). Vol. 396, 1. Taylor and Francis Group, New York, pp. 73–84.

CAMPBELL, E.K. (1983): “Beyond anthropocentrism”. Journal of the History and Behavioral Science, 19, 54-67. https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6696(198301)19:1<54::AID-JHBS2300190107>3.0.CO;2-G

CASALÓ, L.V., ESCARIO, J.J. (2018): “Heterogeneity in the association between environmental attitudes and pro-environmental behavior: A multilevel regression approach”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 175, 155-163.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.237

CASALÓ, L.V., ESCARIO, J.J., RODRIGUEZ-SANCHEZ, C. (2019): “Analyzing differences between different types of pro-environmental behaviors: Do attitude intensity and type of knowledge matter?”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 149, 56-64.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.05.024

CEBALLOS‐LASCURAIN, H. (1996): Tourism, ecotourism, and protected areas. The state of nature-based tourism around the world and guilines for its development. Cambridge, IUCN.

CHEAM, C.L., ONG, S.C. (2018): “Making a Difference to the Environment: Understanding Undergraduates Environmental Behaviour. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 3 (1), 1-13.‏ https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v3i1.53

CHEN, C.F., TSAI, D. (2007): “How destination image and evaluative factors affect behavioral intentions?”. Tourism Management, 28(4), 1115-1122.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.07.007

CHIU, Y.T.H., LEE, W.I., CHEN, T.H. (2014): “Environmentally responsible behavior in ecotourism: Antecedents and implications”. Tourism Management, 40, 321–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.06.013

COELHO, F., PEREIRA, M.C., CRUZ, L., SIMÕES, P., BARATA, E. (2017): “Affect and the adoption of pro-environmental behaviour: A structural model”. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 54, 127–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.10.008

DIAMANTIS, D. (1999): The Concept of Ecotourism: Evolution and Trends, Current Issues in Tourism, 2:2-3, 93-122, doi: 10.1080/13683509908667847

DUNLAP, R.E., GRIENEEKS, J.K., ROKEACH, M. (1983): «Human values and pro environmental behavior». In W. D. Conn (Ed.), Energy and material resources: Attitudes, values, and public policy. Boulder, CO: West View, pp. 145-169. Routledge.

DUNLAP, R.E., JONES, R.E., (2002): Environmental concern: conceptual and measurement issues. In: Dunlap, R.E., Michelson, W. (Eds.), Handbook of Environmental Sociology. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT, pp. 482–524.

DUNLAP, R. (2008): “The new environmental paradigm scale: From marginality to worldwide use”. The Journal of Environmental Education, 40, 3-18. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEE.40.1.3-18

ECKERSLEY, R. (1992): Environmentalism and political theory: Towards an ecocentric approach. London: UCL Press Ltd.

ERTZ, M., KARAKAS, F., SARIGÖLLÜ, E. (2016): “Exploring pro-environmental behaviors of consumers: An analysis of contextual factors, attitude, and behaviors”. Journal of Business Research, 69 (10), 3.971-3.980.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.06.010

FADAFAN, F.K., DANEHKAR, A., AND POUREBRAHIM, S. (2018): “Developing a non-compensatory approach to identify suitable zones for intensive tourism in an environmentally sensitive landscape”. Ecological Indicators, 87, 152-166.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.11.066

FENNELL, D.A. (Ed.). (2021). Routledge Handbook of Ecotourism. Routledge

FERRELL, O.C., GRESHAM, L. (1985): “A contingency framework for understanding ethical decision-making in marketing”. Journal of Marketing, 49, 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298504900308

FISHBEIN, M. (1976): “A behavior theory approach to the relations between beliefs about an object and the attitude toward the object”. In Mathematical models in marketing (pp. 87-88). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.‏

FLAMM, B. (2009): “The impacts of environmental knowledge and attitudes on vehicle ownership and use”. Transportation. Research, 14, 272-279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2009.02.003

FRICK, J., KAISER, F.G.,WILSON, M. (2004): “Environmental knowledge and conservation behaviour: Exploring prevalence and structure in a representative sample”. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 1.597–1.613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.02.015

GASTON, K.J. (2005): “Biodiversity and extinction: species and people”. Progress in Physical Geography, 29(2), 239-247. https://doi.org/10.1191/0309133305pp445pr

GIFFORD, R., NILSSON, A. (2014): “Personal and social factors that influence pro-environmental concern and behaviour: A review”. International Journal of Psychology, 49(3), 141–157. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12034

GODFREY-SMITH, W. (1979): “The value of wildness”. Environmental Ethics, 1(4), 309-319. https://doi.org/10.5840/enviroethics19791426

GOLDMAN, D., YAVETZ, B., PE’ER, S. (2006): “Environmental literacy in teacher training in Israel: environmental behavior of new students”. The Journal of Environmental Education. 38 (1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEE.38.1.3-22

HAYES, B.C. (2001): “Gender, scientific knowledge, and attitudes toward the environment: a cross-national analysis”. Political Research Quartely, 54, 657-671. https://doi.org/10.1177/106591290105400309

HEIMLICH, J.E., ARDOIN, N.M. (2008): “Understanding behavior to understand behavior change: A literature review”. Environmental Education Res., 3, 215-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620802148881

HIGHAM, J., CARR, A. (2002): “Ecotourism visitor experiences in Aotearoa/ New Zealand: Challenging the environmental values of visitors in pursuit of pro‐environmental behaviour”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(4), 277–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580208667168

HINES, J.M., HUNGERFORD, H.R., TOMERA, A.N. (1987): “Analysis of research on responsible environmental behaviour: a meta-analysis”. The Journal of Environmental Education, 18, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1987.9943482

HOOSHMANDAN MOGHADDAM, Z., SHAMS, A., AKHBAR, E., (2016): “Effective factors on environmental awareness of agricultural high school students”. Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research, 8 (37), 73-84. doi: 10.22092/jaear.2016.106883

HOSANY, S., WITHAM, M. (2010): “Dimensions of cruisers’ experiences, satisfaction and intention to recommend”. Journal of Travel Research, 49 (3), 351-364. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287509346859

HOSHYAR, V., BEHBOODI, O., AHMADI SAEED, S.F. (2022). “The impact of personal values on pro-environmental behavior”. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality and Tourism, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2022.2151548

HU, L.T., BENTLER, P.M. (1999): “Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives”. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6 (1), 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118.

KAISER, F.G., WOLFING, S., FUHRER, U. (1999): “Environmental attitude and ecological behavior”. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1998.0107

KARPIAK, C.P., BARIL, G.L. (2008): “Moral reasoning and concern for the environment”. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28 (3), 203-208.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.12.001

KENNEDY, E.H., BECKLEY, T.M., MCFARLANE, B.L., NADEAU, S. (2009): “Why we don't" walk the talk": Understanding the environmental values/behaviour gap in Canada”. Human Ecology Review, 151-160.‏

KIATKAWSIN, K., HAN, H. (2017): “Young travelers’ intention to behave pro-environmentally”. Tourism Management, 59, 76–88. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2016.06.018

KILBOURNE, W., PICKETT, G. (2008): “How materialism affects environmental beliefs, concern, and environmentally responsible behavior”. Journal of Business Research, 61, 885–893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.09.016

KITZMULLER, C. (2013): Environmental Knowledge and Willingness to Change Personal Behaviour: An American-Austrian Comparisons of Energy Use. Available online: www.Uni-muenstede/ imperia/ md/ content/ transpose/ ./kitzmueller.Pdf. (Accessed on 22 June 2013).

KOLLMUSS, A., AGYEMAN, J. (2002): “Mind the gap: why do people act environmentally and what are the barriers to pro-environmental behavior?”. Environmental Education Research, 8, 239–269. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620220145401

KORTENKAMP, K.V., MOORE, C.F. (2001): “Ecocentrism and anthropocentrism: moral reasoning about ecological commons dilemmas”. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 261-272. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.2001.0205

KRAJHANZL, J. (2010): “Environmental and proenvironmental behavior”. School and Health, 21 (1), 251-274.‏

KULIN, J., JOHANSSON SEVÄ, I. (2021): “Quality of government and the relationship between environmental concern and pro-environmental behavior: a cross-national study”. Environmental Politics, 30 (5), 727-752.‏ https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2020.1809160

LAROCHE, M., BERGERON, J., BARBARO-FORLEO, G. (2001): “Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products”. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18, 503-520.

LAROCHE, M., TOMIUK, M.A., BERGERON, J., BARBARO-FORLEO, G. (2002): “Cultural differences in environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of Canadian consumers”. Canadian Journal Admistrative Sciences, 19 (3), 267–282. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1936-4490.2002.tb00272.x

LEE, T.H. (2013): “Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development”. Tourism Management, 34, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.03.007

LEE, T.H., JAN, F.H., YANG, C.C. (2013): “Conceptualizing and measuring environmentally responsible behaviors from the perspective of community‐ based tourists”. Tourism Management, 36, 454–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.09.012

LEE, Y.K.; KIM, S.; KIM, M.; CHOI, J. (2014): “Antecedents and interrelationships of three types of pro-environmental behavior”. Journal of Busness Research, 67, 2097–2105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.04.018

LEE, T.H., JAN, F.H. (2017): “Ecotourism behavior of nature‐based tourists: An integrative framework”. Journal of Travel Research, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287517717350

LIGHT, A. (2002): “Contemporary environmental ethics from metaethics to public philosophy”. Metaphilosophy, 33(4), 426-449. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9973.00238

LINDBERG, K., HAWKINS, D. (1993): Ecotourism, a guide for planners and managers. North Bennington, Vermont, The Ecotourism Society.

LI, D., ZHAO, L., MA, S., SHAO, S., ZHANG, L. (2019): “What influences an individual’s pro-environmental behavior? A literature reviews. Resources”. Conservation and Recycling, 146, 28-34.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.03.024

LI, Q., WU, M. (2020): “Tourists’ pro-environmental behaviour in travel destinations: Benchmarking the power of social interaction and individual attitude”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(9), 1371-1389.‏ https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1737091

LIU, P., TENG, M., HAN, C. (2020): “How does environmental knowledge translate into pro-environmental behaviors?: The mediating role of environmental attitudes and behavioral intentions”. Science of the Total Environment, 728, 138126.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138126

LIU, S., GUO, L. (2018): “Based on environmental education to study the correlation between environmental knowledge and environmental value”. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14 (7), 3311-3319.‏ https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/91246

LIU, Y., XING, P., LIU, J. (2017): “Environmental performance evaluation of different municipal solid waste management scenarios in China”. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 125, 98–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j .resconrec.2017.06.005. ISSN 0921-3449.

MCDONALD, R.P., HO, M.H.R. (2002): “Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses”. Psychological Methods, 7 (1), 64–83. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/1082-989X.7.1.64

MEGEIRHI, H.A., WOOSNAM, K.M., RIBEIRO, M.A., RAMKISSOON, H., DENLEY, T.J. (2020): “Employing a value-belief-norm framework to gauge Carthage residents’ intentions to support sustainable cultural heritage tourism”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(9), 1351-1370.‏ https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1738444

MILFONT, T.L., DUCKITT, J. (2004): “The structure of environmental attitudes: a first and second order confirmatory factor analysis”. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 289-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2004.09.001

MILLER, G.T., SPOOLMAN, S. (2008): Living in the environment: Principles, connections, and solutions (16th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.

MOWFORTH, M. (1993): Ecotourism: terminology and definitions. Research Report Series Nº1. University of Plymouth, UK

NETO, F. (2003): “A new approach to sustainable tourism development: Moving beyond environmental protection”. In Natural resources forum. Oxford, UK, Blackwell Publishing, pp. 212-222

NOURI, M., AFZALI, A., KIANI SALMI, S. (2023). “Relationship between Knowledge and Tourists’ Environmental Behaviors Considering the Intermediate Variable of Environmental Attitudes (Case Study: Darabad, Darakeh, Ahar Fasham, Vardij, and Bam-e Tehran)”. Geography and Environmental Planning, 34 (3), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.22108/GEP.2022.130834.1463

PAÇO, A., LAVRADOR, T. (2017): “Environmental knowledge and attitudes and behaviours towards energy consumption”. Journal of Environment Management, 197, 384–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.03.100.

PAGE, S.J., CONNELL, J. (2009): Tourism: A modern synthesis. Andover: South-Western Cengage Learning.

PAGE, S., DOWLING, R.K. (2002): Ecotourism. Harlow: Prentice Hall.

PANDIT, R., DHAKAL, M., POLYAKOV, M. (2015): “Valuing access to protected areas in Nepal: The case of Chitwan National Park”. Tourism Management, 50, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.12.017

PARK, J.J., JORGENSEN, A., SWANWICK, C., SELMAN, P. (2008): “Relationships between environmental values and the acceptability of mobile telecommunications development in protected areas”. Landscape Research, 33 (5), 587-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/01426390801948398

PAUL, J., MODI, A., PATEL, J. (2016): “Predicting green product consumption using theory of planned behaviour and reasoned action”. Journal of Retailing Consumer Servicies, 29, 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.11.006

PEARCE, D.W., TURNER, R.K. (1990): Economics of natural resources and the environment. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.

PEREZ DE LAS HERAS, M. (1999). La guía del ecoturismo; o cómo conservar la naturaleza a través del turismo. Madrid, Ediciones Mundi-Prensa.

PIERCE, J.C., STEGER, M.E., STEEL, B.S., LOVRICH, N.P. (1992): Citizens, political communication and interest groups: Enviromental organizations in Canada and the United States. Westport, CT: Praeger.

POINTING, C. (1992): A green history of the world. London: Penguin.

POLONSKY, M.J., VOCINO, A., GRAU, S.L., GARMA, R., FERDOUS, A.S. (2012): “The impact of general and carbon related environmental knowledge on attitudes and behaviour of US consumers”. Journal of Marketing Management, 28, 238-263. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2012.659279

POURHOSSEIN, M., BAKER, B. J., DOUSTI, M., BEHNAM, M., TABESH, S. (2023): “Embarking on the trail of sustainable harmony: Exploring the nexus of visitor environmental engagement, awareness, and destination social responsibility in natural parks”. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 30, 100821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2023.100821

RAMPEDI, I. T., IFEGBESAN, A.P. (2022): “Understanding the determinants of pro-environmental behavior among South Africans: Evidence from a structural equation model”. Sustainability, 14 (6), 3218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063218

RIBEIRO, M.A., PINTO, P., SILVA, J.A., WOOSNAM, K.M. (2018): “Examining the predictive validity of SUS-TAS with maximum parsimony in developing island countries”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(3), 379–398. doi:10.1080/09669582.2017.1355918

ROBERTS, D.W. (1996): “Landscape vegetation modelling with vital attributes and fuzzy systems theory”. Ecological Modellling, 90 (2), 175–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(95)00164-6

ROKEACH, M. (1973): The nature of human value. New York: Free Press.

SALEHI, S., GHADAMI, M., HEMMATI GOUYOMI, Z. (2012): “A study of Environmental Behaviors among Coastal Tourists (A case Study of Coastal Tourists in Bushehr City during New Year Holiday)”. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 1 (1), 35-58.

SCANNELL, L., GIFFORD, R. (2013): “Personally relevant climate change: the role of place attachment and local versus global message framing in engagement”. Environment and Behaviour, 45 (1), 60–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916511421196

SCHULTZ, P.W., ZELEZNY, L. (1999): “Values as predictors of environmental attitudes: Evidence for consistency across 14 countries”. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 19 (3), 255-265.‏ https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1999.0129

SCHULTZ, P.W., SHRIVER, C., TABANIC, J.J., KHAZIAN, A.M. (2004): “Implicit connections with nature”. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 31-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(03)00022-7

SI, W., JIANG, C., MENG, L. (2022): “The Relationship between Environmental Awareness, Habitat Quality, and Community Residents’ Pro-Environmental Behavior—Mediated Effects Model Analysis Based on Social Capital”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (20), 13253. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013253

SIVEK, D.J., HUNGERFORD, H. (1990): “Predictors of responsible behavior in members of Wisconsin conservation organizations”. The Journal of Environmental Education, 21 (2), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1990.9941929

STEG, L., VLEK, C., (2009): “Encouraging pro-environmental behaviour: an integrative review and research agenda”. J. Environ. Psychol. 29, 309–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jenvp.2008.10.004.

STERN, P.C., DIETZ, T. (1994): “The value basis of environmental concern”. Journal of Social Issues, 50 (3), 407-424. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1994.tb02420.x

STERN, P.C., DIETZ, T., ABEL, T., GUAGNANO, G.A., KALOF, L. (1999): “A value-belief-norm theory of support for social movements: the case of environmental concern”. Human Ecology Review, 6, 81-97. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24707060

THOMPSON, B. (2007): Factor analysis. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology. Malden, MA: Blackwell.

THOMPSON, S.C.G., BARTON, M.A. (1994): “Ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes toward the environment”. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 14 (1), 149-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(05)80168-9

UNAL, A.B., STEG, L., GORSIRA, M. (2018): “Values versus environmental knowledge as triggers of a process of activation of personal norms for eco-driving”. Environment and Behavior, 50 (10), 1.092–1.118. doi:10.1177/0013916517728991.

UNITED NATION WORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (UNWTO) (2020): International tourism highlights, 2020 edition. UNWTO.‏

VARELA-LOSADA, M., VEGA-MARCOTE, P., PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ, U., ÁLVAREZ-LIRES, M. (2016): “Going to action? A literature review on educational proposals in formal Environmental Education”. Environmental Education Research, 22 (3), 390-421. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2015.1101751

VICENTE-MOLINA, M.A., FERNÁNDEZ-SÁINZ, A.,IZAGIRRE-OLAIZOLA, J. (2013): “Environmental knowledge and other variables affecting pro-environmental behavior: comparison of university students from emerging and advanced countries”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 61, 130-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.015

VICENTE-MOLINA, M.A., FERNÁNDEZ-SAINZ, A., IZAGIRRE-OLAIZOLA, J. (2018): “Does gender make a difference in pro-environmental behavior? The case of the Basque Country University students”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 176, 89-98.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.079

WEARING, S., NEIL, J. (2009): Ecotourism: Impacts, potentials and possibilities (2nd ed.). Oxford, Routledge

WIGHT, P.A. (1993): “Ecotourism: Ethics or eco‐sell?”. Journal of Travel Research, 21, 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728759303100301

WOOSNAM, K.M., DRAPER, J., JIANG, J.K., ALESHINLOYE, K.D., ERUL, E. (2018): “Applying self-perception theory to explain residents’ attitudes about tourism development through travel histories”. Tourism Management, 64, 357–368. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2017.09.015

XIAO, C., HONG, D. (2010): “Gender differences in environmental behaviors in China”. Population and Environment, 32, 88-104. https://10.1007/s11111-010-0115-z

XU, F., FOX, D. (2014): “Modelling attitudes to nature, tourism and sustainable development in national parks: A survey of visitors in China and the UK”. Tourism Management, 45, 142-158.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.03.005

YUCEL, E.O., OZKAN, M. (2016): “Determining the perceptions of pre-service science teachers regarding environmental problems through word association”. International Journal of Learning and Teaching, 8 (3), 10. https://doi.org/10.18844/ijlt.v8i3.610

ZHAO, H.H., GAO, Q.,WU, Y.P.,WANG, Y., ZHU, X.D. (2014): “What affects green consumer behaviour in China? A case study from Qingdao”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 63, 343–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.021

ZSÓKA, Á., SZERÉNYI, Z.M., SZÉCHY, A., KOCSIS, T. (2013): “Greening due to environmental education? Environmental knowledge, attitudes, consumer behavior and everyday pro-environmental activities of Hungarian high school and university students”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 48, 126–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.11.030

Publicado
22-12-2023
Cómo citar
Motamedi-Barabadi, S., Almeida-García, F., & Cortés-Macías, R. (2023). INFLUENCIA DE LAS ACTITUDES MEDIOAMBIENTALES EN EL COMPORTAMIENTO DE LOS ECOTURISTAS IRANÍES. Cuadernos de Turismo, (52), 285–318. https://doi.org/10.6018/turismo.593641
Número
Núm. 52 (2023): Julio - Diciembre
Sección
Artículos

Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:

1. El Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia (la editorial) conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y favorece y permite la reutilización de las mismas bajo la licencia de uso indicada en el punto 2.

2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObraDerivada 3.0 España (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.

Licencia Creative Commons

3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones pre-print (versión antes de ser evaluada) y/o post-print (versión evaluada y aceptada para su publicación) de sus obras antes de su publicación, ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica. Color RoMEO: verde.