Empirical research to identify early warning indicators of insolvency in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): Investigación empírica para identificar indicadores de alerta temprana de insolvencia en pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs)

Andrés Navarro-Galera; María Elena Gómez-Miranda; Juan Lara-Rubio; Dionisio Buendía-Carrillo

doi:10.6018/rcsar.554181

Autores/as

Andrés Navarro-Galera University of Granada, Granda-SPAIN https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8008-4934
María Elena Gómez-Miranda University of Granada, Granda-SPAIN https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7426-7136
Juan Lara-Rubio University of Granada, Granda-SPAIN https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-5920
Dionisio Buendía-Carrillo University of Granada, Granda-SPAIN https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8091-6443

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/rcsar.554181

Palabras clave: Insolvencia, Indicadores de alerta rápida, Fracaso empresarial, Supervivencia, PYME, Directiva (UE) 2019/1023

Agencias de apoyo

Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism (Spain), Research Project Code AEI-010500-2021b-86 and Research Project Code AEI-010500-2022b-68

Resumen

En Europa, la contribución de las PYMEs es enorme en términos de creación de empleo y valor añadido, aunque en los últimos años se han producido preocupantes niveles de quiebra y desaparición de empresas. Estas circunstancias han llevado a diversos investigadores y organismos internacionales a reconocer la necesidad de contar con indicadores que permitan detectar precozmente los riesgos de insolvencia para poder adoptar medidas preventivas y correctoras. En este contexto, la Directiva (UE) 2019/1023 obliga a los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea a definir indicadores de alerta temprana de insolvencia, y en la mayoría de los casos ha sido transpuesta a las respectivas normativas NACIONALES. El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar indicadores financieros y no financieros de riesgos de insolvencia en las pymes, para facilitar su detección temprana. Para ello, se analiza una muestra de 1.736 PYMEs españolas, estudiando su comportamiento para el periodo 2010-2020. Se identifican determinados factores financieros y no financieros como indicadores de alerta temprana de insolvencia, un resultado que resultará útil tanto para el autodiagnóstico de insolvencia como para el diseño de planes de reestructuración que mejoren las posibilidades de supervivencia de las PYMEs.

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Investigación empírica para identificar indicadores de alerta temprana de insolvencia en pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMEs)