“Mamá, me quiero ir de este colegio”. Un análisis de las experiencias de acoso escolar de estudiantes con diversidad funcional

Autores/as

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/educatio.506341
Palabras clave: Discapacidad, entrevistas, grupo de discusión, inclusión, víctima de acoso escolar

Resumen

El acoso escolar es un problema de elevada prevalencia en las aulas de nuestras escuelas. Los jóvenes con diversidad funcional constituyen una población especialmente vulnerable cuando se ve envuelta en este tipo de situaciones. En el presente estudio analizamos las experiencias de acoso de cinco jóvenes con diversidad funcional. Para ello, se han llevado a cabo cinco entrevistas semiestructuradas y un grupo de discusión. Los estudiantes relatan haber sufrido situaciones de acoso verbal, físico, social y sexual. El tratamiento de estas situaciones por parte de los centros educativos fue ineficaz y la solución adoptada en todos los casos fue un cambio en la modalidad de escolarización. Estos resultados resaltan la necesidad de llevar a cabo acciones de formación del profesorado y sensibilización en los estudiantes para prevenir y actuar ante situaciones de acoso, especialmente cuando se ven involucrados estudiantes con diversidad funcional.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Raúl Tárraga-Mínguez, Departameto de Didáctica y Organización Escolar. Universitat de València.

Profesor titular de universidad.
Departameto de Didáctica y Organización Escolar. Universitat de València.

Citas

Ashburner, J., Saggers, B., Campbell, M. A., Dillon-Wallace, J., Hwang, Y., Carrington, S., et al. (2019). How are Students on the Autism Spectrum affected by Bullying? perspectives of students and parents. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 19(1), 27-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12421

Bear, G. G., Mantz, L. S., Glutting, J. J., Yang, C., & Boyer, D. E. (2015). Differences in Bullying Victimization between Students with and without Disabilities. School Psychology Review, 44(1), 98-116. https://doi.org/10.17105/SPR44-1.98-116

Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Fisher, M. H., Lough, E., Griffin, M. M., & Lane, L. A. (2017). Experiences of Bullying for Individuals with Williams Syndrome. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 10(2), 108-125. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2016.1278289

García-García, J., Ortega, E., De la Fuente, L., Zaldívar, F., & Gil-Fenoy, M. J. (2017). Systematic review of the prevalence of school violence in Spain. Procedia-social and Behavioral Sciences, 237, 125-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2017.02.052

Gladden, R. M., Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., Hamburger, M. E., & Lumpkin, C. D., (2014). Bullying surveillance among youths: uniform definitions for public health and recommended data elements. Atlanta (USA): National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and U. S. Department of Education.

Griffin, M. M., Fisher, M. H., Lane, L. A., & Morin, L. (2019a). In their own Words: Perceptions and Experiences of Bullying among Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 57(1), 66-74. https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-57.1.66

Griffin, M. M., Fisher, M. H., Lane, L. A., & Morin, L. (2019b). Responses to Bullying among Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Support needs and Self-determination. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(6), 1514-1522. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12646

Harrison, E. D., Fox, C. L., & Hulme, J. A. (2020). Student Anti-bullying and Harassment Policies at UK Universities. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 42(5), 547-562. https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2020.1767353

Maiano, C., Aime, A., Salvas, M. C., Morin, A. J., & Normand, C. L. (2016). Prevalence and correlates of bullying perpetration and victimization among school-aged youth with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 49, 181-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2015.11.015

Moore, B., & Woodcock, S. (2017). Resilience, Bullying, and Mental Health: Factors associated with improved Outcomes. Psychology in the Schools, 54(7), 689-702. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22028

Rawlings, J. R., & Stoddard, S. A. (2019). A critical Review of Anti-Bullying Programs in North American elementary Schools. Journal of School Health, 89(9), 759-780. https://doi.org/10.1111/josh.12814

Rodriguez, G., Drastal, K., & Hartley, S. L. (2021). Cross-lagged model of Bullying Victimization and Mental Health Problems in Children with Autism in Middle To older Childhood. Autism, 25(1), 90-101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320947513

Rose, C. A., & Gage, N. A. (2017). Exploring the Involvement of Bullying among Students with Disabilities over time. Exceptional Children, 83(3), 298-314. https://doi.org/10.1177/0014402916667587

Rose, C. A., Monda-Amaya, L., & Espelage, D. L. (2011). Bullying Perpetration and Victimization in Special Education: A Review of the Literature. Remedial and Special Education, 32(2), 114-130. https://doi.org/10.1177/0741932510361247

Slattery, L. C., George, H. P., & Kern, L. (2019). Defining the word bullying: Inconsistencies and lack of clarity among current definitions. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 63(3), 227- 235. https://doi.org/10.1080/1045988X.2019.1579164

Stannis, R. L., Crosland, K. A., Miltenberger, R., & Valbuena, D. (2019). Response to Bullying (RTB): Behavioral Skills and in situ Training for Individuals diagnosed with Intellectual Disabilities. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 52(1), 73-83. https://doi.org/10.1002/jaba.501

Thornberg, R., & Delby, H. (2019). How do Secondary School Students explain Bullying? Educational Research, 61(2), 142-160. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2019.1600376

Tipton-Fisler, L., Rodriguez, G., Zeedyk, S. M., & Blacher, J. (2018). Stability of Bullying and internalizing Problems among Adolescents with ASD, ID, or Typical Development. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 80, 131-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.06.004

Vaill, Z., Campbell, M. & Whiteford, C. (2019). Analysing the Quality of Australian Universities’ Student Anti-Bullying Policies. Higher Education Research & Development, 39(6), 1262-1275. https://doi.org/10.1080/07294360.2020.1721440

Zeedyk, S. M., Rodriguez, G., Tipton, L. A., Baker, B. L., & Blacher, J. (2014). Bullying of Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Intellectual Disability, or Typical Development: Victim and Parent Perspectives. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(9), 1173-1183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.06.001

Publicado
28-02-2023
Cómo citar
Castro-Álvarez, R., Gómez-Marí, I., & Tárraga-Mínguez, R. (2023). “Mamá, me quiero ir de este colegio”. Un análisis de las experiencias de acoso escolar de estudiantes con diversidad funcional. Educatio Siglo XXI, 41(1), 107–128. https://doi.org/10.6018/educatio.506341
Número
Sección
Artículos