Realidad virtual en la estimulación de habilidades sociales de niños con trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión sistemática

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/educatio.638721
Palabras clave: habilidades sociales, realidad aumentada, realidad virtual, trastorno del espectro autista

Resumen

Los niños con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) pueden experimentar un desarrollo emocional alterado, lo cual afecta negativamente su comunicación social. En los últimos años, la aplicación de la realidad virtual (RV) y los juegos de realidad aumentada (RA) con fines terapéuticos ha incrementado de manera considerable. Las medidas favorables atribuidas a estas tecnologías han propiciado la producción de investigaciones dirigidas a la mejora de las dificultades que pueden enfrentar algunas personas con autismo mediante el uso de estas soluciones digitales. Este estudio tiene como objetivo proporcionar una revisión sistemática para evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones con realidad virtual y la realidad aumentada en la rehabilitación de las habilidades sociales en niños con TEA. A tal efecto, se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos relacionadas y después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión, revisamos 16 estudios para un análisis más detallado. Los estudios empíricos muestran una relación positiva entre el uso de plataformas digitales de RV y RA y la evocación de conductas sociales activas en niños con TEA, quienes posteriormente mejoraron su capacidad para reconocer expresiones faciales e identificar las propias emociones. En conclusión, se pueden reconocer múltiples ventajas asociadas al uso de las soluciones digitales en la práctica clínica para la mejora de las habilidades sociales en niños con TEA, aunque se requiere de mayor investigación para promover la estandarización y la personalización de los resultados preliminares.

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Publicado
30-06-2026
Cómo citar
Fernández-Monzón, M., Gómez-Marí, I., & Comellas Sáenz, P. (2026). Realidad virtual en la estimulación de habilidades sociales de niños con trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión sistemática. Educatio Siglo XXI, 44(2), 289–316. https://doi.org/10.6018/educatio.638721