Validação no Castellano do Questionário de Identidade Social no Esporte
Resumo
A identidade social dos jogadores pode trazer benefícios para o funcionamento coletivo da equipe. Assim, conhecer a percepção da identidade social dos jogadores é essencial. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo adaptar e validar o Questionário de Identidade Social no Desporto para espanhol (CISD-S). Participaram 1.075 jogadores com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 40 anos (M = 20,38; DP = 5,26). A estrutura multidimensional do CISD-S foi validada através de modelos de equações estruturais confirmatórios e exploratórios. Além disso, foi analisada a consistência interna através do alfa de Cronbach e do coeficiente Omega, a validade discriminante através de correlações bivariadas entre os factores do CISD-S, a sua validade nomológica com a variável de identidade de liderança dos atletas e do treinador, validade convergente analisando as cargas factoriais e a variância média extraída, e a invariância fatorial em função do género e do desporto com uma sequência de modelos complementares. Obteve-se uma estrutura multidimensional composta por três factores de primeira ordem (ligações intragrupais, identificação grupal e afectos intragrupais). Além disso, foi testada a estrutura unidimensional formada por um único fator global, mas apenas quando os itens das subescalas correspondentes à estrutura multidimensional do CISD-S estavam correlacionados. Ambas as estruturas factoriais apresentaram valores óptimos de consistência interna (α e ω = .70 - .79). Além disso, a CISD-S apresentou uma validade discriminante e nomológica adequada e foi invariante em relação ao género e aos tipos de desportos de equipa. Estes resultados sugerem que o CISD-S parece ser um método válido e fiável para medir a identidade social com atletas de ambos os sexos e em desportos colectivos. Assim, acreditamos que este instrumento pode ser muito bem adaptado para ser utilizado por profissionais do desporto.
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