Diferenças no funcionamento executivo em boxeadores universitários amadores com diferentes níveis de experiência e classes de peso
Agências Suporte
- PAPCA
- UNAM
Resumo
O boxe é um desporto popular que envolve golpes repetitivos na cabeça dos atletas, o que pode causar distúrbios nas funções cerebrais. Embora hajam evidências de danos cerebrais causados pelo boxe profissional, a controvérsia permanece sobre os possíveis riscos no boxe amador. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar se existiam diferenças no funcionamento executivo de atletas de boxe amador de nível universitário com base no nível de experiência, na prática desportiva e na interação com a categoria / peso. Método: participaram 24 boxeadores amadores, agrupados em novatos e experientes e por categoria de peso leve e médio. Foi utilizada a Bateria Neuropsicológica de Funções Executivas e Lobos Frontais BANFE-2 (Flores-Lázaro et al., 2014). Resultados: foi realizada uma MANOVA, e os contrastes multivariados indicaram que existiram diferenças na interação das variáveis dependentes, de acordo com o nível de experiência F (4,17) = 3,75, p = 0,023, ηp2 = 0,469, 1- β = 0,56. Em particular, as tarefas em que se observaram diferenças são aquelas que avaliam o controlo inibitório (stroop) e a tomada de decisão risco-benefício (jogo de cartas), processos que estão associados ao funcionamento do córtex pré-frontal órbito-medial. Os resultados sugerem que a avaliação do funcionamento executivo pode ser uma ferramenta útil para demonstrar mudanças funcionais em atletas de boxe amador.
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