Physical activity and emotional states in university students during COVID-19 confinement
Abstract
Social confinement due to the COVID-19 outbreak could have altered people's emotional states. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in positive and negative emotional states (ES) according to different ways of engaging in physical activity (PA), with the number of hours dedicated to such activity during confinement by COVID-19, and with the sex of the participants. The participants, 360 university students (126 men and 234 women), were sent an online version of the Scale of Positive and Negative Affects (PANAS) and a questionnaire specifically designed to find out how they get involved in PA. Using a non-parametric analysis of variance, the differences between the positive and negative ES were evaluated based on the PA performed, the hours of PA, and the sex of the participants. In general, the following was found: a higher level of positive ES in those who performed PA before and during confinement compared to those who did not perform PA, with a medium effect size (g=0.768); greater positive ES in those who performed more than eight hours per week of PA compared to those who performed 4 to 6 hours, with a large effect size (g=0.926); and higher positive ES in men, with a medium effect size (g=0.402). The constant practice of PA seems beneficial in coping with aversive situations such as social confinement, so it would be necessary to design relevant programs that allow the population to perform PA on a regular basis.
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