Efectos psicológicos de la música en practicantes de ejercicio: Una revisión sistemática

Esta es un versión antigua publicada el 07-02-2021. Consulte la versión más reciente.

Autores/as

  • G. Marques
  • Eliana V. Carraça Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto; Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Centro Interdisciplinar para o Estudo da Performance Humana (CIPER) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-811X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.368961
Palabras clave: Música, ejercicio, motivación, afecto, percepción de esfuerzo

Resumen

Objetivo: Esta revisión sistemática tuvo el objetivo de resumir la evidencia existente sobre el efecto de la utilización de música durante la práctica de ejercicio en el gimnasio en la motivación, vitalidad, respuesta afectiva al esfuerzo y percepción subjetiva de esfuerzo, entre otros factores psicológicos. Métodos: La investigación de artículos publicados hasta Enero de 2018 fue hecha en 3 bases de datos (Pubmed, PsycINFO y SPORTDiscus), siguiendo el modelo PICO, y complementada manualmente. La siguiente información fue extraída de los artículos seleccionados: tipo de estudio, características de la intervención, música (condición e instrumentos), outcomes (e instrumentos), resultados y calidad metodológica. Esta última fue evaluada a través de la Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Resultados: Se han incluido 32 artículos. De estos, 5 reportaron efectos en la motivación, 15 en la respuesta afectiva al esfuerzo, 23 en la percepción de esfuerzo y 4 en los componentes motivacionales de la música. La presencia de música se mostró positivamente asociada a mayores niveles de motivación (n = 3), a una respuesta afectiva al esfuerzo más positivo (n = 8), pero en general no se mostró asociada a menores niveles de percepción de esfuerzo (n = 16). Conclusión: A pesar de que la presencia de música parece tener un efecto potencialmente positivo en el nivel de motivación y en la respuesta afectiva al esfuerzo, la variabilidad de las muestras, de los protocolos de investigación y de los instrumentos utilizados en la medición de las variables imposibilitan la retirada de conclusiones, subrayando la necesidad de nuevos estudios sobre esta temática.

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Citas

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Publicado
15-04-2020 — Actualizado el 07-02-2021
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Marques, G. ., & Carraça, E. V. (2021). Efectos psicológicos de la música en practicantes de ejercicio: Una revisión sistemática. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 20(2), 152–173. https://doi.org/10.6018/cpd.368961 (Original work published 15 de abril de 2020)
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Ciencias del Deporte