Un modelo explicativo de la adaptación subacuática

Autores/as

  • Joaquín Colodro Delegación de Defensa en la Región de Murcia Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia
  • Enrique J. Garcés-de-los-Fayos Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia
  • Juan J. López-García Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia
  • Lucía Colodro-Conde Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (Australia)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.32.2.205911
Palabras clave: Diferencias individuales, buceo militar, modelos psicológicos, análisis de ecuaciones estructurales, adaptación subacuática.

Resumen

El medio subacuático constituye un entorno extremo que exige un proceso de adaptación humana con demandas psicofisiológicas específicas para garantizar la supervivencia y la actividad productiva. En este trabajo explicativo se analiza, bajo la óptica de los actuales modelos de inteligencia, personalidad y rendimiento, la contribución de las diferencias individuales para explicar la adaptación de personal militar en un entorno estresante. Se verifica, mediante análisis de ecuaciones estructurales, un modelo donde se contemplan los efectos directos de las variables psicológicas sobre la adaptación personal a un medio adverso, comprobando sus relaciones estructurales durante la realización de cursos básicos de buceo militar y su capacidad para predecir un tercio de la varianza de un criterio poco estudiado. De esta manera, se confirma en una muestra de profesionales (N = 575) la relación directa de ajuste emocional, responsabilidad y habilidad mental general con la adaptación subacuática, atribuyendo una relación inversa a reactividad emocional. Estos constructos constituyen el fundamento psicológico para desenvolverse con seguridad y trabajar bajo el agua, contribuyen a la mejora de la adaptación al medio subacuático y favorecen la prevención de riesgos y la seguridad en las actividades de buceo.

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Biografía del autor/a

Enrique J. Garcés-de-los-Fayos, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia

Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico

Juan J. López-García, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia

Departamento de Psicología Básica y Metodología

Lucía Colodro-Conde, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Regional “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (Australia)

Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología

Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory

Citas

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Publicado
03-04-2016
Cómo citar
Colodro, J., Garcés-de-los-Fayos, E. J., López-García, J. J., & Colodro-Conde, L. (2016). Un modelo explicativo de la adaptación subacuática. Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 32(2), 320–331. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.32.2.205911
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