Mujeres violentas y/o delincuentes: una visión desde la perspectiva biopsicosocial
Agencias de apoyo
- Ministerio de Sanidad
- Servicios Sociales e Igualdad
- Plan Nacional sobre Drogas (2012/001) y la Consejería de Educación
- Cultura y Deporte de la Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2011/048).
Resumen
La violencia y/o delincuencia en mujeres ha estado enmascarada en cierta medida por la sociedad. Por ello, el objetivo fundamental de este trabajo es analizar en profundidad los trabajos publicados al respecto, con el fin de comprender dicho fenómeno desde una perspectiva biopsicosocial. En primer lugar, se analizará el perfil psicológico de la mujer violenta, así como su ‘modus operandi’. En segundo lugar, nos centraremos en la teoría sobre el ciclo de la violencia en mujeres. Posteriormente, se expondrá la relación existente entre el consumo de drogas y la violencia en mujeres. Tras ello, se describirán los correlatos biológicos implicados en este tipo de violencia y, finalmente, se abordará la reincidencia y la prevención de estos comportamientos. Los principales factores de riesgo para la facilitación de la violencia y/o delincuencia en mujeres son las experiencias de maltrato durante la infancia y el consumo de drogas. Además, niveles altos de cortisol y testosterona y bajos de serotonina y oxitocina, subyacerían a dicha violencia. Al tratarse de un problema complejo y poco estudiado se hace necesario aumentar el cuerpo de conocimientos en dicha temática, con el objetivo de desarrollar programas de tratamiento y/o prevención efectivos.
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